The welfare impact of parallel imports: a structural approach applied to the German market for oral anti-diabetics.

The welfare impact of parallel imports: a structural approach applied to the German market for oral anti-diabetics.
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平行进口的福利影响:适用于德国口服抗糖尿病药市场的结构性方法

DOI:
10.1002/hec.3068
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
M. Suppliet
M. Suppliet
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. Suppliet

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我们使用大型面板数据集调查平行进口的福利影响,该数据集包含2004年至2010年期间在德国销售的所有649种抗糖尿病药物的月度销售信息,出厂价格和进一步的产品特征。我们估计了一个两阶段的嵌套logit需求模型,并在多产品公司的寡头垄断模型的基础上,我们然后恢复边际成本和加价。最后,我们通过计算一个没有平行贸易的反事实情景来评估平行进口政策的效果。根据我们的估计,平行进口令专利药的价格下降11%,而对非专利药的价格影响不大。这相当于需求方盈余每年增加1900万欧元(或总计1.3亿欧元),与基于出厂价格的平均年市场规模约2.27亿欧元相比相对较小。当允许平行贸易时,德国市场上原研药生产商的可变利润每年减少1800万欧元(或37%),但进口商仅占这一差额的三分之一。版权所有© 2014约翰威利父子有限公司.
We investigate the welfare impact of parallel imports using a large panel dataset containing monthly information on sales, ex‐factory prices, and further product characteristics for all 649 anti‐diabetic drugs sold in Germany between 2004 and 2010. We estimate a two‐stage nested logit model of demand, and on the basis of an oligopolistic model of multi‐product firms, we then recover the marginal costs and markups. We finally evaluate the effect of the parallel imports' policy by calculating a counterfactual scenario without parallel trade. According to our estimates, parallel imports reduce the prices for patented drugs by 11% and do not have a significant effect on prices for generic drugs. This amounts to an increase in the demand‐side surplus by €19 million per year (or €130 million in total), which is relatively small compared with the average annual market size of around €227 million based on ex‐factory prices. The variable profits for the manufacturers of original drugs from the German market are reduced by €18 million (or 37%) per year when parallel trade is allowed, yet only one third of this difference is appropriated by the importers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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