Sex-Specific Differences in Glioblastoma.
Sex-Specific Differences in Glioblastoma.
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DOI：
10.3390/cells10071783
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发表时间：
2021-07-14
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Guerrero Cazares H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carrano A;Juarez JJ;Incontri D;Ibarra A;Guerrero Cazares H
在许多脑肿瘤中已经很好地确定了性别差异。尽管胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是成人中最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，并且具有最差的结局，但男性和女性之间的明确差异仅限于发病率和结局。在疾病表型和遗传/分子水平上对GBM的性别差异知之甚少。本文综述了GBM的病理生理学，包括激素，代谢途径，免疫系统和分子变化，沿着男性和女性之间的差异，以及这些二态性如何影响疾病的结果的深刻理解。本综述分析的信息显示，与女性患者相比，男性GBM患者的发病率更高，结局更差。我们强调了雌激素的保护作用，以及雄激素受体和睾酮的上调对GBM有不利影响。此外，激素和免疫系统协同作用，直接影响GBM微环境。遗传和分子差异最近也被确定。特定的基因和分子途径，无论是上调或下调取决于性别，可能直接决定GBM的结果差异。GBM的性二态性似乎影响患者的结局，需要考虑患者的性别，特别是与分子水平差异有关的个体化管理方法。
Sex differences have been well identified in many brain tumors. Even though glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and has the worst outcome, well-established differences between men and women are limited to incidence and outcome. Little is known about sex differences in GBM at the disease phenotype and genetical/molecular level. This review focuses on a deep understanding of the pathophysiology of GBM, including hormones, metabolic pathways, the immune system, and molecular changes, along with differences between men and women and how these dimorphisms affect disease outcome. The information analyzed in this review shows a greater incidence and worse outcome in male patients with GBM compared with female patients. We highlight the protective role of estrogen and the upregulation of androgen receptors and testosterone having detrimental effects on GBM. Moreover, hormones and the immune system work in synergy to directly affect the GBM microenvironment. Genetic and molecular differences have also recently been identified. Specific genes and molecular pathways, either upregulated or downregulated depending on sex, could potentially directly dictate GBM outcome differences. It appears that sexual dimorphism in GBM affects patient outcome and requires an individualized approach to management considering the sex of the patient, especially in relation to differences at the molecular level.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Bramble MS;Roach L;Lipson A;Vashist N;Eskin A;Ngun T;Gosschalk JE;Klein S;Barseghyan H;Arboleda VA;Vilain E
通讯作者：
Vilain E
DOI：
10.1016/j.radonc.2015.07.032
发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen L;Chaichana KL;Kleinberg L;Ye X;Quinones-Hinojosa A;Redmond K
通讯作者：
Redmond K
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Duarte-Guterman, Paula;Yagi, Shunya;Galea, Liisa A. M.
通讯作者：
Galea, Liisa A. M.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bravo-Alegria J;McCullough LD;Liu F
通讯作者：
Liu F
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Chen B;Chen C;Zhang Y;Xu J
通讯作者：
Xu J