Microglia deficiency accelerates prion disease but does not enhance prion accumulation in the brain

Microglia deficiency accelerates prion disease but does not enhance prion accumulation in the brain
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小胶质细胞缺乏会加速朊病毒疾病,但不会增强大脑中朊病毒的积累

DOI:
10.1101/2021.01.05.425436
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
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影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bradford B
Bradford B
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作者:
Bradford B

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中枢神经系统(CNS)的实质巨噬细胞被称为小胶质细胞(里约热内卢‐Hortega, 1919),它们的增殖和存活依赖于集落刺激因子1受体(CSF1R)的信号传导(Hume et al., 2020)。小胶质细胞在中枢神经系统的发育和稳态中具有重要功能,包括突触发生、神经发生和神经元回路的成熟(Prinz et al., 2019)。然而,具有Csf1r亚型突变的小鼠(Csf1rΔFIRE)(Rojo等人,2019),具有40个条件性Csf1r缺失(使用Iba1‐cre)(Nakayama等人,2018)和具有Csf1r零突变的大鼠(Pridans等人,2018)都完全缺乏小胶质细胞,但具有正常的中枢神经系统发育。这些发现表明小胶质细胞的发育作用是多余的。有更多的证据表明,小胶质细胞有助于神经病理学(Prinz et al., 2019)。与人类CSF1R等小胶质细胞表达基因突变相关的神经退行性疾病被称为小胶质细胞病(Hume et al., 2020)。朊病毒疾病,或传染性海绵状脑病,是一种致命的进行性神经退行性疾病,目前尚无治愈方法。传染性朊病毒被认为是宿主细胞朊病毒蛋白(PrPC)错误折叠成异常疾病相关亚型(PrPSc)的结果(Prusiner, 1982)。PrPSc在脑内的积累伴随着神经元树突棘和突触结构的损伤、胶质细胞激活、空泡(海绵状)变性和最终的神经变性。通过抑制CSF1R抑制小胶质细胞的增殖和促炎反应可减缓中枢神经系统朊病毒疾病(Gómez‐Nicola et al., 2013)。相反,据报道,小胶质细胞的部分缺失或缺失会增强大脑中朊病毒的积累,加速临床疾病的发生(Zhu et al., 2016, Carroll et al., 2018)。然而,
The parenchymal macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS) are known as microglia (Rio‐Hortega, 1919) and their proliferation and survival is dependent upon signaling via the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)(Hume et al., 2020). Microglia have been attributed essential functions in the development and homeostasis of the CNS including synaptogenesis, neurogenesis and maturation of neuronal circuits (Prinz et al., 2019). However, mice with a Csf1r hypomorphic mutation (Csf1rΔFIRE)(Rojo et al., 2019), with 40 conditional Csf1r deletion (using Iba1‐cre)(Nakayama et al., 2018) and rats with a Csf1r null mutation (Pridans et al., 2018) each lack microglia entirely but have normal CNS development. These findings indicate that developmental roles of microglia are redundant. There is much greater evidence that microglia contribute to neuropathology (Prinz et al., 2019). Neurodegenerative diseases associated with mutations in microglia‐expressed genes such as CSF1R in humans have been referred to as microgliopathies (Hume et al., 2020).Prion diseases, or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, are fatal progressive neurodegenerative diseases to which there are no cures. Infectious prions are considered to result from the misfolding of the host’s cellular prion protein (PrPC) into an abnormal disease‐associated isoform (PrPSc)(Prusiner, 1982). The accumulation of PrPSc within the brain is 50 accompanied by the impairment of neuronal dendritic spines and synapse structures, glial cell activation, vacuolar (spongiform) degeneration and ultimately neurodegeneration. Inhibiting the proliferation and pro‐inflammatory responses of microglia via CSF1R inhibition decelerated CNS prion disease (Gómez‐Nicola et al., 2013). Conversely, the partial depletion or deficiency in microglia was reported to enhance the accumulation of prions in the brain and accelerate the onset of clinical disease (Zhu et al., 2016, Carroll et al., 2018). However,
患有实验性痒病的小鼠中枢神经系统中朊病毒蛋白积累的动力学。
DOI: 10.1097/00005072-199912000-00005
发表时间: 1999
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
期刊: Prion
影响因子: 2.3
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1967
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
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