Cyclin B-Cdk1 inhibits protein phosphatase PP2A-B55 via a Greatwall kinase-independent mechanism.

Cyclin B-Cdk1 inhibits protein phosphatase PP2A-B55 via a Greatwall kinase-independent mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201307160
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发表时间:
2014-03-17
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kishimoto T
Kishimoto T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Okumura E;Morita A;Wakai M;Mochida S;Hara M;Kishimoto T

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Greatwall激酶在细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1在M期启动时的自动调节激活中的作用可以被细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1介导的Arpp 19的直接磷酸化绕过,导致PP 2A-B55抑制。进入M期是由细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1,它经历了初始激活和随后的自动调节激活。自身调节激活的一个关键部分是细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1依赖性抑制蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP 2A)-B55,其拮抗细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1。Greatwall激酶(Gwl)被认为是自身调节激活所必需的,因为Gwl在细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1的下游被激活以磷酸化并激活α-内磺酰(Ensa)/Arpp 19,其是PP 2A-B55的抑制剂。然而,细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1在缺乏Gwl的某些条件下被完全激活,但这是如何实现的仍不清楚。我们在这里表明,细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1可以直接磷酸化Arpp 19在不同的保守位点,导致抑制PP 2A-B55。重要的是,这种新的旁路是足够的细胞周期蛋白B-Cdk 1自动调节激活。然而,Arpp 19的Gwl依赖性磷酸化对于下游有丝分裂进程是必需的,因为在Gwl不存在的情况下染色体不能正确分离。Arpp 19的这种双相调节导致PP 2A-B55抑制水平不同,因此可能决定其不同的细胞作用。
The role of Greatwall kinase in autoregulatory activation of cyclin B–Cdk1 at M phase onset can be bypassed by cyclin B–Cdk1–mediated direct phosphorylation of Arpp19, leading to PP2A-B55 inhibition. Entry into M phase is governed by cyclin B–Cdk1, which undergoes both an initial activation and subsequent autoregulatory activation. A key part of the autoregulatory activation is the cyclin B–Cdk1–dependent inhibition of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)–B55, which antagonizes cyclin B–Cdk1. Greatwall kinase (Gwl) is believed to be essential for the autoregulatory activation because Gwl is activated downstream of cyclin B–Cdk1 to phosphorylate and activate α-endosulfine (Ensa)/Arpp19, an inhibitor of PP2A-B55. However, cyclin B–Cdk1 becomes fully activated in some conditions lacking Gwl, yet how this is accomplished remains unclear. We show here that cyclin B–Cdk1 can directly phosphorylate Arpp19 on a different conserved site, resulting in inhibition of PP2A-B55. Importantly, this novel bypass is sufficient for cyclin B–Cdk1 autoregulatory activation. Gwl-dependent phosphorylation of Arpp19 is nonetheless necessary for downstream mitotic progression because chromosomes fail to segregate properly in the absence of Gwl. Such a biphasic regulation of Arpp19 results in different levels of PP2A-B55 inhibition and hence might govern its different cellular roles.
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