Synchronization and Random Triggering of Lymphatic Vessel Contractions.
Synchronization and Random Triggering of Lymphatic Vessel Contractions.
复制标题
淋巴管收缩的同步和随机触发。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005231
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Munn LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baish JW;Kunert C;Padera TP;Munn LL
淋巴系统负责将组织间液输送回血液，但与心血管系统不同，它缺乏一个中央泵-心脏-来驱动流动。相反，每个收集淋巴管可以单独收缩和扩张，产生由管腔内止回阀强制的单向流动。由于此类水泵数量众多，空间分布广泛，高级别协调将难以进行。这就引出了淋巴管的每一段如何响应局部信号的问题，这些信号可以在网络的基础上促进泵送的协调。从基本流体力学和已知的细胞行为开始，我们发现两个互补的振荡器出现从i）机械拉伸与钙离子运输和ii）流体剪切应力诱导的一氧化氮（NO）的生产。通过数值模拟和线性稳定性分析，我们发现新发现的剪切NO振荡器与著名的货车der Pol振荡器有相似之处，但具有独特的特性。取决于操作条件，剪切NO过程可以i）是固有稳定的，ii）响应于随机干扰而自发振荡，或iii）与弱周期性刺激同步。当互补的剪切驱动和拉伸驱动的振荡器相互作用时，任何一个都可能占主导地位，产生类似于体内观察到的丰富的行为家族。几十年来，心血管生理学一直是一个深入研究的领域，我们对心脏用于驱动血液流过体内分布的血管网络的机制有了基本的了解。淋巴系统现在也受到类似的关注，因为人们越来越了解它在疾病过程中的功能作用。淋巴系统在收集组织中多余的液体并将其返回血液中的重要性是众所周知的，但在没有中央泵的情况下如何调节淋巴液流动却知之甚少。收集淋巴管的每个区段可以独立地收缩，从而产生分布式泵/导管的网络。本文展示了如何淋巴肌细胞，挤压液体沿着淋巴管可以有效地进行调节，只使用化学和机械信号，他们收到他们的直接微环境。利用稳定性理论和非线性动力学的工具，我们确定了两个互补的振荡器，响应于血管壁的拉伸和血管壁上流动的流体的剪切。组合振荡器的数值模拟表明，它们具有非常适合于一般分布式系统的调节的特性，并且可能在其他生物和物理环境中具有应用。
The lymphatic system is responsible for transporting interstitial fluid back to the bloodstream, but unlike the cardiovascular system, lacks a centralized pump-the heart–to drive flow. Instead, each collecting lymphatic vessel can individually contract and dilate producing unidirectional flow enforced by intraluminal check valves. Due to the large number and spatial distribution of such pumps, high-level coordination would be unwieldy. This leads to the question of how each segment of lymphatic vessel responds to local signals that can contribute to the coordination of pumping on a network basis. Beginning with elementary fluid mechanics and known cellular behaviors, we show that two complementary oscillators emerge from i) mechanical stretch with calcium ion transport and ii) fluid shear stress induced nitric oxide production (NO). Using numerical simulation and linear stability analysis we show that the newly identified shear-NO oscillator shares similarities with the well-known Van der Pol oscillator, but has unique characteristics. Depending on the operating conditions, the shear-NO process may i) be inherently stable, ii) oscillate spontaneously in response to random disturbances or iii) synchronize with weak periodic stimuli. When the complementary shear-driven and stretch-driven oscillators interact, either may dominate, producing a rich family of behaviors similar to those observed in vivo. For decades, cardiovascular physiology has been an area of intense research, and we have a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms the heart uses to drive blood flow through the distributed network of vessels in the body. The lymphatic system is now receiving similar attention as more is learned about its functional role in disease processes. The importance of the lymphatic system in collecting excess fluid from tissues and returning it to the blood is well known, but how the lymph flow is regulated without a central pump is poorly understood. Each segment of collecting lymphatic vessel can independently contract yielding a network of distributed pump/conduits. This paper shows how the lymphatic muscle cells that squeeze fluid along the lymphatic vessels can be effectively regulated using only chemical and mechanical signals that they receive from their immediate microenvironment. Using stability theory and the tools of nonlinear dynamics we identify two complementary oscillators that respond to stretch of the vessel wall and shear of fluid flowing over the vessel wall. Numerical simulations of the combined oscillators show that they have characteristics well suited to the regulation of distributed systems in general and may have application in other biological and physical contexts.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.1.l1
发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Kannan, MS;Prakash, YS;Sieck, GC
通讯作者：
Sieck, GC
DOI：
10.1111/j.1549-8719.2011.00107.x
发表时间：
2011-08
期刊：
Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nagai T;Bridenbaugh EA;Gashev AA
通讯作者：
Gashev AA
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00342.2014
发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Kornuta, Jeffrey A.;Nepiyushchikh, Zhanna;Dixon, J. Brandon
通讯作者：
Dixon, J. Brandon
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Gashev, Anatoliy A.;Zhang, Rong-Zhen;Davis, Michael J.
通讯作者：
Davis, Michael J.
影响因子：
--
作者：
OHHASHI, T;AZUMA, T;SAKAGUCHI, M
通讯作者：
SAKAGUCHI, M