The cerebellum and addiction: insights gained from neuroimaging research.
The cerebellum and addiction: insights gained from neuroimaging research.
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DOI：
10.1111/adb.12101
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Borsook D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moulton EA;Elman I;Becerra LR;Goldstein RZ;Borsook D
尽管在成瘾相关文献中一直有关于小脑改变的记载，但这种关联的病理生理学仍不清楚。小脑通常被归类为一种运动结构，但人类功能性神经影像学以及对小脑中风患者的临床观察和对非人灵长类动物的解剖束路追踪表明，它参与了认知和情感处理过程。对小脑在成瘾中的作用进行了全面的文献检索。这篇综述文章（1）探讨了小脑在成瘾中可能扮演的角色，（2）总结了与成瘾相关的小脑结构改变，（3）呈现了将小脑与成瘾联系起来的功能性神经影像学证据，（4）提出了一个强调小脑作用的成瘾模型。这些数据表明小脑是运动与奖赏、动机和认知控制系统之间的中介，因为所有这些都是成瘾的相关病因因素。此外，对这些发现的思考可能有助于更深入、更精细地了解正常的奖赏和动机功能。这篇综述的目的是提高人们对小脑参与成瘾过程的认识，并为其潜在作用提出一个初步模型。
Although cerebellar alterations have been consistently noted in the addiction literature, the pathophysiology of this link remains unclear. The cerebellum is commonly classified as a motor structure, but human functional neuroimaging along with clinical observations in cerebellar stroke patients and anatomical tract tracing in non-human primates suggest its involvement in cognitive and affective processing. A comprehensive literature search on the role of the cerebellum in addiction was performed. This review article (1) considers the potential role of the cerebellum in addiction, (2) summarizes the cerebellar structural alterations linked to addiction, (3) presents the functional neuroimaging evidence linking the cerebellum with addiction, and (4) proposes a model for addiction that underscores the role of the cerebellum. The data implicate the cerebellum as an intermediary between motor and reward, motivation and cognitive control systems, as all are relevant etiologic factors in addiction. Furthermore, consideration of these findings could contribute to deeper and more sophisticated insights into normal reward and motivational function. The goal of this review is to spread awareness of cerebellar involvement in addictive processes, and to suggest a preliminary model for its potential role.
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