Quantification of liver iron with MRI: state of the art and remaining challenges.
Quantification of liver iron with MRI: state of the art and remaining challenges.
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DOI：
10.1002/jmri.24584
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Reeder, Scott B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernando, Diego;Levin, Yakir S.;Sirlin, Claude B.;Reeder, Scott B.
肝铁超负荷是遗传性血色素沉着症和输血性含铁血黄素沉着症的组织学标志，也可能发生在慢性肝病中。铁过载会导致肝损伤，最终发展为肝硬化、肝功能衰竭和肝细胞癌。评估肝脏铁水平对于铁过载的检测和定量分期以及铁还原治疗的监测是必要的。本文讨论了对肝铁进行无创评估的必要性，并回顾了定性和定量方法，特别强调 MRI。肝脏铁定量的具体 MRI 方法包括信号强度比以及 R2 和 R2* 松弛测量技术。描述了临床使用的方法及其局限性。讨论了仍然存在的挑战、未解决的问题以及改善肝脏铁沉积表征的新兴技术。
Liver iron overload is the histological hallmark of hereditary hemochromatosis and transfusional hemosiderosis, and can also occur in chronic hepatopathies. Iron overload can result in liver damage, with the eventual development of cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Assessment of liver iron levels is necessary for detection and quantitative staging of iron overload, and monitoring of iron-reducing treatments. This article discusses the need for non-invasive assessment of liver iron, and reviews qualitative and quantitative methods with a particular emphasis on MRI. Specific MRI methods for liver iron quantification include signal intensity ratio as well as R2 and R2* relaxometry techniques. Methods that are in clinical use, as well as their limitations, are described. Remaining challenges, unsolved problems, and emerging techniques to provide improved characterization of liver iron deposition are discussed.
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