Merkel cells transduce and encode tactile stimuli to drive Aβ-afferent impulses.

Merkel cells transduce and encode tactile stimuli to drive Aβ-afferent impulses.
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默克尔细胞转导并编码触觉刺激以驱动Aβ型冲动。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.026
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发表时间:
2014-04-24
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Gu JG
Gu JG
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ikeda R;Cha M;Ling J;Jia Z;Coyle D;Gu JG

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感知触觉刺激的感觉系统已经从无脊椎动物的触觉神经进化到哺乳动物复杂的触觉终末器官。默克尔盘是由默克尔细胞和Aβ传入神经末梢组成的触觉终末器官,并且定位于指尖、胡须毛囊和其他触敏点。默克尔盘通过缓慢的适应性冲动来实现触觉辨别,但它们的转导和编码机制仍然未知。利用大鼠胡须毛囊,我们发现默克尔细胞而不是Aβ传入神经末梢是触觉传导的主要部位,并确定Piezo 2离子通道是默克尔细胞的机械换能器。Piezo 2将触觉刺激转换为默克尔细胞中的Ca 2+动作电位,其驱动Aβ传入神经末梢发射缓慢适应性冲动。我们进一步证明,Piezo 2和Ca 2 +-动作电位在默克尔细胞所需的行为触觉反应。我们的研究结果提供了触觉终末器官功能的见解,并对触觉功能障碍具有临床意义。
Sensory systems for detecting tactile stimuli have evolved from touch-sensing nerves in invertebrates to complicated tactile end-organs in mammals. Merkel discs are tactile end-organs consisting of Merkel cells and Aβ-afferent nerve endings, and are localized in fingertips, whisker hair follicles and other touch-sensitive spots. Merkel discs transduce touch into slowly adapting impulses to enable tactile discrimination, but their transduction and encoding mechanisms remain unknown. Using rat whisker hair follicles, we show that Merkel cells rather than Aβ-afferent nerve endings are primary sites of tactile transduction, and identify the Piezo2 ion channel as the Merkel cell mechanical transducer. Piezo2 transduces tactile stimuli into Ca2+-action potentials in Merkel cells, which drive Aβ-afferent nerve endings to fire slowly adapting impulses. We further demonstrate that Piezo2 and Ca2+-action potentials in Merkel cells are required for behavioral tactile responses. Our findings provide insights into how tactile end-organs function and have clinical implications for tactile dysfunctions.
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