Investigating the zoonotic origin of the West African Ebola epidemic.

Investigating the zoonotic origin of the West African Ebola epidemic.
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DOI:
10.15252/emmm.201404792
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发表时间:
2015-01
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Leendertz FH
Leendertz FH
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marí Saéz A;Weiss S;Nowak K;Lapeyre V;Zimmermann F;Düx A;Kühl HS;Kaba M;Regnaut S;Merkel K;Sachse A;Thiesen U;Villányi L;Boesch C;Dabrowski PW;Radonić A;Nitsche A;Leendertz SA;Petterson S;Becker S;Krähling V;Couacy-Hymann E;Akoua-Koffi C;Weber N;Schaade L;Fahr J;Borchert M;Gogarten JF;Calvignac-Spencer S;Leendertz FH

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西非发生的严重埃博拉病毒病疫情源于几内亚梅利安杜一名两岁男孩的一次人畜共患传播事件。我们通过野生动物调查、访谈以及对蝙蝠和环境样本的分子分析来调查该流行病的人畜共患起源。我们没有发现大型野生动物同时爆发的证据。该地区接触果蝠的现象很常见,但指示病例可能是在栖息着一群食虫无尾蝙蝠(Mops condylurus)的空心树上玩耍时被感染的。该家族的蝙蝠此前曾被讨论为埃博拉病毒爆发的潜在来源,实验数据表明该物种可以在实验感染中存活下来。这些分析扩大了埃博拉病毒可能来源的范围,将食虫蝙蝠包括在内,并重申了更广泛的采样工作对于了解埃博拉病毒生态学的重要性。
The severe Ebola virus disease epidemic occurring in West Africa stems from a single zoonotic transmission event to a 2-year-old boy in Meliandou, Guinea. We investigated the zoonotic origins of the epidemic using wildlife surveys, interviews, and molecular analyses of bat and environmental samples. We found no evidence for a concurrent outbreak in larger wildlife. Exposure to fruit bats is common in the region, but the index case may have been infected by playing in a hollow tree housing a colony of insectivorous free-tailed bats (Mops condylurus). Bats in this family have previously been discussed as potential sources for Ebola virus outbreaks, and experimental data have shown that this species can survive experimental infection. These analyses expand the range of possible Ebola virus sources to include insectivorous bats and reiterate the importance of broader sampling efforts for understanding Ebola virus ecology.
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