SARS-CoV-2 concentrations and virus-laden aerosol size distributions in outdoor air in north and south of Italy.
SARS-CoV-2 concentrations and virus-laden aerosol size distributions in outdoor air in north and south of Italy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2020.106255
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Contini D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chirizzi D;Conte M;Feltracco M;Dinoi A;Gregoris E;Barbaro E;La Bella G;Ciccarese G;La Salandra G;Gambaro A;Contini D
COVID-19疾病在不同国家和同一国家的不同地区以不同的速度传播，就像在意大利发生的那样。通过接触或大的呼吸道飞沫近距离传播被广泛接受，然而，由感染者（同样无症状）释放的小呼吸道飞沫通过空气传播的作用是有争议的。结果表明，室外空气传播可能是决定传播率差异的重要因素。携带病毒的气溶胶浓度仍然知之甚少，并报告了对比结果，特别是在室外环境中。在这里，我们调查了2020年5月大流行期间在意大利北部（威尼托）和南部（普利亚）地区同时收集的含病毒气溶胶的室外浓度和大小分布。两地新冠肺炎流行情况差异显著。使用PM10采样器和级联冲击器收集的空气样本，利用实时RT-PCR和ddPCR测定了SARS-CoV-2的遗传物质（RNA），这些空气样本能够分离从纳米颗粒（直径D < 0.056µm）到粗颗粒（直径D小于18µm）的12种大小范围。两个地点的空气样本均未检测到SARS-CoV-2的存在，在所调查的每个尺寸范围内，PM10中的病毒颗粒浓度<0.8拷贝m - 3， <0.4拷贝m - 3。在意大利北部和南部，住宅和城市地区的室外空气通常不具有传染性，对公众来说也是安全的，可能排除了非常拥挤的场所。因此，室外空气传播可能无法解释意大利两个地区观察到的COVID-19传播差异。
The COVID-19 disease spread at different rates in the different countries and in different regions of the same country, as happened in Italy. Transmission by contact or at close range due to large respiratory droplets is widely accepted, however, the role of airborne transmission due to small respiratory droplets emitted by infected individuals (also asymptomatic) is controversial. It was suggested that outdoor airborne transmission could play a role in determining the differences observed in the spread rate. Concentrations of virus-laden aerosol are still poorly known and contrasting results are reported, especially for outdoor environments. Here we investigated outdoor concentrations and size distributions of virus-laden aerosol simultaneously collected during the pandemic, in May 2020, in northern (Veneto) and southern (Apulia) regions of Italy. The two regions exhibited significantly different prevalence of COVID-19. Genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 (RNA) was determined, using both real time RT-PCR and ddPCR, in air samples collected using PM10 samplers and cascade impactors able to separate 12 size ranges from nanoparticles (diameter D < 0.056 µm) up to coarse particles (D > 18 µm). Air samples tested negative for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 at both sites, viral particles concentrations were <0.8 copies m−3 in PM10 and <0.4 copies m−3 in each size range investigated. Outdoor air in residential and urban areas was generally not infectious and safe for the public in both northern and southern Italy, with the possible exclusion of very crowded sites. Therefore, it is likely that outdoor airborne transmission does not explain the difference in the spread of COVID-19 observed in the two Italian regions.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Milton, Donald K.;Fabian, M. Patricia;McDevitt, James J.
通讯作者：
McDevitt, James J.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Contini, Daniele;Gambaro, Andrea;Citron, Marta
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Buonanno, G.;Stabile, L.;Morawska, L.
通讯作者：
Morawska, L.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Pinto, Rosa M.;Costafreda, M. Isabel;Bosch, Albert
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Conticini, Edoardo;Frediani, Bruno;Caro, Dario
通讯作者：
Caro, Dario