Stressor controllability modulates fear extinction in humans.
Stressor controllability modulates fear extinction in humans.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2013.12.003
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Phelps, Elizabeth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartley, Catherine A.;Gorun, Alyson;Reddan, Marianne C.;Ramirez, Franchesca;Phelps, Elizabeth A.
创伤性事件被认为在焦虑症的发展中起作用，但并非所有暴露于极端压力的个体都会经历恐惧的病理性增加。最近对动物模型的研究表明，一个人能够控制厌恶体验的程度是决定其行为后果的关键因素。在这项研究中，我们研究了是否压力可控性调节随后的条件恐惧表达在人类。参与者被随机分配到一个可逃避的压力源条件，一个轭不可避免的压力源条件，或不涉及压力暴露的控制条件。一周后，所有参与者都接受了恐惧条件反射、恐惧消退和第二天的消退提取测试。暴露于不可避免的压力的参与者表现出受损的恐惧消退学习和增加恐惧表达的第二天。相比之下，可逃避的压力改善了恐惧的消退，并阻止了恐惧的自发恢复。与先前在动物模型中报道的双向可控性效应一致，这些结果表明，一个人对厌恶体验的控制程度可能是影响人类心理弹性或脆弱性发展的重要因素。
Traumatic events are proposed to play a role in the development of anxiety disorders, however not all individuals exposed to extreme stress experience a pathological increase in fear. Recent studies in animal models suggest that the degree to which one is able to control an aversive experience is a critical factor determining its behavioral consequences. In this study, we examined whether stressor controllability modulates subsequent conditioned fear expression in humans. Participants were randomly assigned to an escapable stressor condition, a yoked inescapable stressor condition, or a control condition involving no stress exposure. One week later, all participants underwent fear conditioning, fear extinction, and a test of extinction retrieval the following day. Participants exposed to inescapable stress showed impaired fear extinction learning and increased fear expression the following day. In contrast, escapable stress improved fear extinction and prevented the spontaneous recovery of fear. Consistent with the bidirectional controllability effects previously reported in animal models, these results suggest that one's degree of control over aversive experiences may be an important factor influencing the development of psychological resilience or vulnerability in humans.
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主动避免学习需要前额叶抑制杏仁核介导的防御反应。
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2596-12.2013
发表时间：
2013-02-27
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Moscarello JM;LeDoux JE
通讯作者：
LeDoux JE
影响因子：
25
作者：
Amorapanth, P;LeDoux, JE;Nader, K
通讯作者：
Nader, K
DOI：
10.1017/cbo9780511546396.007
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
HANDBOOK OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, 3RD EDITION
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dawson, Michael E.;Schell, Anne M.;Filion, Diane L.
通讯作者：
Filion, Diane L.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Amat, Jose;Paul, Evan;Maier, Steven F.
通讯作者：
Maier, Steven F.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
MAIER, SF;GRAHN, RE;WATKINS, LR
通讯作者：
WATKINS, LR