Optical deconstruction of parkinsonian neural circuitry.

Optical deconstruction of parkinsonian neural circuitry.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1167093
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发表时间:
2009-04-17
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Deisseroth K
Deisseroth K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gradinaru V;Mogri M;Thompson KR;Henderson JM;Deisseroth K

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脑深部电刺激(DBS)是治疗难治性神经和精神疾病的一种治疗选择,包括帕金森病和重度抑郁症。由于放置电极的脑组织的异质性,阐明DBS的相关靶细胞类型或潜在机制一直具有挑战性。我们使用光遗传学和固态光学系统地驱动或抑制一系列不同的电路元件在自由移动的帕金森病啮齿动物,并发现丘脑底核内的治疗效果可以解释为直接选择性刺激传入轴突投射到这个地区。除了提供对DBS机制的深入了解外,这些结果还展示了用于解剖疾病回路的光学方法,并通过选择性地控制单个组件来定义系统解构疾病回路所需的技术工具箱。
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a therapeutic option for intractable neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and major depression. Because of the heterogeneity of brain tissues where electrodes are placed, it has been challenging to elucidate the relevant target cell types or underlying mechanisms of DBS. We used optogenetics and solid-state optics to systematically drive or inhibit an array of distinct circuit elements in freely moving parkinsonian rodents and found that therapeutic effects within the subthalamic nucleus can be accounted for by direct selective stimulation of afferent axons projecting to this region. In addition to providing insight into DBS mechanisms, these results demonstrate an optical approach for dissection of disease circuitry and define the technological toolbox needed for systematic deconstruction of disease circuits by selectively controlling individual components.
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