Determinants of Society Integration in Estonia and Latvia: International Environments, Domestic Political Actors, and Discourses
Determinants of Society Integration in Estonia and Latvia: International Environments, Domestic Political Actors, and Discourses
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爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚社会融合的决定因素：国际环境、国内政治参与者和话语
DOI：
10.1080/13537113.2019.1639430
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Nakai Ryo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hieda;Takeshi;Masahiro Zenkyo;& Masaru Nishikawa;中井遼;山本圭;Nakai Ryo
波罗的海国家，特别是爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚，在种族和民族主义研究中占有突出地位，经常被用作欧化对少数民族迁就、民族国家建设和民主化的影响的例子。许多研究评估了少数民族的存在对该地区政治和社会进程的影响，学者们利用波罗的海的案例为比较政治和国际关系学术提供了见解，并利用一系列关于少数民族身份形成、分裂社会中的民主、国际引导的民主化的全球辩论。虽然1991年苏联解体在今天是一个遥远的地缘政治事件，但在爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚仍然有相当数量的讲俄语的人口，即使在30年后，仍然对名义上的多数人的国家建设项目构成挑战。直到今天，这些前苏联加盟共和国的社会融合政策和涉及少数民族地位和权利的政治实践仍在继续提出有趣的问题，促使学术界关注这些国家，以解决种族间关系的难题。这三本书考察了讲俄语的少数民族居住的波罗的海国家如何在民主治理的条件下应对不同人口社会融合的挑战。为什么一些民族国家对欧盟委员会、欧洲安全与合作组织（欧安组织）和欧洲委员会等欧洲机构的建议做出了开放的回应，而另一些国家却没有？如何解释拉脱维亚和爱沙尼亚在少数民族政策和将少数民族纳入决策方面的差异？加入欧洲规范空间对波罗的海社会有什么影响？自爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚以来，该地区的少数民族政策和社会融合政策是否变得更加自由、宽容和包容
Baltic States, especially Estonia and Latvia, feature prominently in ethnic and nationalism studies and have often been used as examples of the impact Europeanization has on minority accommodation, nation-state building and democratization. Numerous studies have assessed the impact of minority presence on political and social processes in the region and scholars have tapped into a range of global debates—on minority identity formation, democracy in divided societies, internationally steered democratization—using Baltic cases to offer insights for comparative politics and international relations scholarship. 1 While the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 is a distant geopolitical occurrence today, the considerable numbers of Russian-speaking populations remaining in Estonia and Latvia continue to pose a challenge to nation-building projects of the titular majorities even 30 years later. Until this day, these former Soviet republics’ society integration policies and political practices touching upon the status and rights of minority groups continue to pose interesting questions, leading academics to focus on these states to address the puzzle of interethnic relations. The three books under review examine how Baltic states that are home to Russian-speaking minorities have dealt with the challenge of societal integration of their diverse populations under conditions of democratic governance. Why have some nation-states liberalized in response to European institutions’, including the European Commission, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and Council of Europe, recommendations, while others have not? What explains differences in Latvia’s and Estonia’s minority policies and inclusion of minorities in decisionmaking? What impact did accession to the European normative space have on Baltic societies? Have minority policies and society integration policies in the region become more liberal, tolerant, and inclusive since Estonia and Latvia
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DOI：
10.1108/edi-05-2017-0113
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2001
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