Transcription, structure, and organoids translate time across the lifespan of humans and great apes.

Transcription, structure, and organoids translate time across the lifespan of humans and great apes.
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DOI:
10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad230
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发表时间:
2023-08
期刊:
PNAS NEXUS
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dames, Brier A. Rigby
Dames, Brier A. Rigby
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Charvet, Christine J.;Ofori, Kwadwo;Falcone, Carmen;Dames, Brier A. Rigby

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支持人类认知的神经结构是如何在进化中发展和出现的,这是一个令人感兴趣的持久问题。然而,我们仍然缺乏适当的程序来调整灵长类动物的年龄,这种漏洞阻碍了对生物程序进化的理解。我们生成了一个史无前例的数据集,由573个时间点组成,这些时间点来自人类和8个非人类灵长类物种的行为、解剖和转录的突然和逐渐变化。我们纳入了不同人类种群的时间点,以捕捉跨物种年龄序列生成中的物种内差异。我们还从有机化合物中提取了相应的年龄。对包括猿(如猩猩、大猩猩)和猴子(如绒猴、猕猴)在内的8个灵长类物种的寿命进行了相应年龄的鉴定,结果表明,与一些非人类灵长类动物相比,人类的某些生物学途径延长了。值得注意的是,相对于研究的非人类灵长类动物,人类的寿命异常延长,这表明人类的晚年是生命的一个阶段,与其他研究的灵长类物种不同。更广泛地说,我们的工作促使我们重新评估模型系统的选择,以理解衰老,因为人类的老年是一个没有明显对应于大猩猩的生命周期。
How the neural structures supporting human cognition developed and arose in evolution is an enduring question of interest. Yet, we still lack appropriate procedures to align ages across primates, and this lacuna has hindered progress in understanding the evolution of biological programs. We generated a dataset of unprecedented size consisting of 573 time points from abrupt and gradual changes in behavior, anatomy, and transcription across human and 8 nonhuman primate species. We included time points from diverse human populations to capture within-species variation in the generation of cross-species age alignments. We also extracted corresponding ages from organoids. The identification of corresponding ages across the lifespan of 8 primate species, including apes (e.g., orangutans, gorillas) and monkeys (i.e., marmosets, macaques), reveals that some biological pathways are extended in humans compared with some nonhuman primates. Notably, the human lifespan is unusually extended relative to studied nonhuman primates demonstrating that very old age is a phase of life in humans that does not map to other studied primate species. More generally, our work prompts a reevaluation in the choice of a model system to understand aging given very old age in humans is a period of life without a clear counterpart in great apes.
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