Cholinergic genetics of visual attention: Human and mouse choline transporter capacity variants influence distractibility.
Cholinergic genetics of visual attention: Human and mouse choline transporter capacity variants influence distractibility.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jphysparis.2016.07.001
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cherian, Ajeesh Koshy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sarter, Martin;Lustig, Cindy;Blakely, Randy D.;Cherian, Ajeesh Koshy
基底前脑胆碱能投射系统到皮层介导视觉注意力表现的重要方面，包括线索的检测和对表现挑战的反应（自上而下的注意力控制）。更高水平的自上而下的控制是通过升高水平的胆碱能神经调节介导的。神经元胆碱转运体（CHT）强烈影响乙酰胆碱（ACh）的合成和释放。由于CHT将胆碱输入神经元的能力是胆碱能神经调节的主要突触前决定因素，我们假设遗传施加的CHT容量变化影响自下而上与自上而下控制视觉注意力的平衡。在简要回顾了与这一假设相关的认知概念之后，我们描述了我们在小鼠和人类中研究的关键结果，这些小鼠和人类具有遗传强加的胆碱摄取能力变化。CHT亚容量变化与自上而下的注意力控制不良和右额叶区（胆碱能）激活减弱有关。相反，小鼠过度表达CHT，和人类表达CHT变体假设增强胆碱转运蛋白功能，是相对抵抗视觉注意力表现的挑战。CHT表达和功能的遗传或环境调节可能与认知障碍的脆弱性相关。
The basal forebrain cholinergic projection system to the cortex mediates essential aspects of visual attention performance, including the detection of cues and the response to performance challenges (top-down control of attention). Higher levels of top-down control are mediated via elevated levels of cholinergic neuromodulation. The neuronal choline transporter (CHT) strongly influences the synthesis and release of acetylcholine (ACh). As the capacity of the CHT to import choline into the neuron is a major, presynaptic determinant of cholinergic neuromodulation, we hypothesize that genetically-imposed CHT capacity variation impacts the balance of bottom-up versus top-down control of visual attention. Following a brief review of the cognitive concepts relevant for this hypothesis, we describe the key results from our research in mice and humans that possess genetically-imposed changes in choline uptake capacity. CHT subcapacity variation is associated with poor top-down attentional control and attenuated (cholinergic) activation of right frontal regions. Conversely, mice overexpressing the CHT, and humans expressing a CHT variant hypothesized to enhance choline transporter function, are relatively resistant to challenges of visual attention performance. Genetic or environmental modulation of CHT expression and function may be associated with vulnerabilities for cognitive disorders.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Berry, Anne S.;Li, Xu;Lin, Ziyong;Lustig, Cindy
通讯作者：
Lustig, Cindy
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Berry AS;Demeter E;Sabhapathy S;English BA;Blakely RD;Sarter M;Lustig C
通讯作者：
Lustig C
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hahn, M. K.;Blackford, J. U.;Shelton, R.
通讯作者：
Shelton, R.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Ennis, Elizabeth A.;Wright, Jane;Retzlaff, Cassandra L.;McManus, Owen B.;Lin, Zhinong;Huang, Xiaofang;Wu, Men;Li, Min;Daniels, J. Scott;Lindsley, Craig W.;Hopkins, Corey R.;Blakely, Randy D.
通讯作者：
Blakely, Randy D.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Demeter, Elise;Guthrie, Sally K.;Lustig, Cindy
通讯作者：
Lustig, Cindy