Scientists have favorable opinions on immunity certificates but raise concerns regarding fairness and inequality.
Scientists have favorable opinions on immunity certificates but raise concerns regarding fairness and inequality.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-93148-1
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发表时间：
2021-07-07
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Torgler B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aranzales I;Chan HF;Eichenberger R;Hegselmann R;Stadelmann D;Torgler B
在2019冠状病毒病疫情第一波期间，我们从一项科学家调查中收集了超过12，000份回复，他们被要求就免疫证书（也称为“免疫护照”）作为减轻危机影响的潜在工具发表意见。总体而言，我们发现科学家认为免疫证书有利于公共卫生（50.2%）和经济状况（54.4%），而五分之一（19.1%）和六分之一（15.4%）不同意。科学家对实施豁免认证所产生的公平性（36.5%）和不平等性（22.4%）表示担忧。我们发现科学领域之间存在一些较小的差异，特别是健康科学家和社会科学家之间的差异，后者对免疫认证的影响更为积极。美国的学者，包括健康科学家，更有可能对免疫证书持肯定态度，而对这项政策对公平和不平等的影响的担忧较少。女性学者明显不太赞成豁免证书，而政治观点更保守的科学家则持更有利的意见。我们的研究结果表明，考虑到大流行早期阶段的不确定性，科学家们看到了免疫认证的空间，以减轻危机的普遍社会影响。
During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, we collected over 12,000 responses from a survey of scientists, who were asked to express their opinions on immunity certificates (also called “immunity passports”) as a potential instrument to lessen the impact of the crisis. Overall, we find that scientists perceive immunity certificates as favorable for public health (50.2%) and the state of the economy (54.4%) while one-fifth (19.1%) and one-sixth (15.4%) disagree. Scientists stipulate some concerns about fairness (36.5%) and inequality (22.4%) arising from implementation of immunity certification. We find some smaller differences among scientific fields, particularly between health scientists and social scientists, with the latter being slightly more positive about the effect of immunity certification. Scholars in the United States, including health scientists, are more likely to view the immunity certificates favorably and mention fewer concerns about this policy’s effect on fairness and inequality. Female scholars are significantly less in favor of immunity certificates, while scientists with more conservative political views hold more favorable opinions. Our results reveal that given the uncertainties during an early phase of a pandemic, scientists see scope for immunity certification to lessen the general societal impacts of the crisis.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2012520117
发表时间：
2020-11-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Galasso, Vincenzo;Pons, Vincent;Foucault, Martial
通讯作者：
Foucault, Martial
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102064
发表时间：
2021-02-23
影响因子：
5
作者：
Donovan, Amy
通讯作者：
Donovan, Amy
影响因子：
4
作者：
Ho, Roger Chun-Man;Mak, Kwok-Kei;Pan, Fang
通讯作者：
Pan, Fang
影响因子：
13.8
作者：
Kreps S;Prasad S;Brownstein JS;Hswen Y;Garibaldi BT;Zhang B;Kriner DL
通讯作者：
Kriner DL
DOI：
10.1001/jama.2020.19759
发表时间：
2020-10-20
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cutler DM;Summers LH
通讯作者：
Summers LH