Auditory cortex is susceptible to lexical influence as revealed by informational vs. energetic masking of speech categorization.
Auditory cortex is susceptible to lexical influence as revealed by informational vs. energetic masking of speech categorization.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147385
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发表时间：
2021-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bidelman GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter JA;Bidelman GM
言语感知需要通过范畴感知（CP）过程将声学信息分组为有意义的语音单位。环境掩蔽影响言语知觉和CP。然而，目前还不清楚在处理阶段（编码，决策，或两者）掩蔽影响听者的语音信号的分类。本研究的目的是确定语言干扰是否会影响CP固有的早期声学语音转换过程。为此，我们测量了源水平，事件相关脑电位（ERP）从听觉皮层（AC）和额下回（IFG）的听众迅速分类的语音声音沿着a /da/到/ga/连续三个听条件：安静，并在存在正向（信息掩蔽）和时间反转（能量掩蔽）2-说话者牙牙学语噪声。掩蔽物在总体SNR和频谱内容方面是匹配的，因此仅在其语言干扰程度上变化（即，信息掩蔽）。我们假设信息与能量掩蔽对行为和神经分类反应的不同影响，我们预测在从噪声中消除语音歧义时，特别是在词汇信息掩蔽期间，额叶区域的激活增加。我们发现：（1）信息掩蔽削弱了行为语音音素识别，其程度超过能量掩蔽;（2）低水平AC活动不仅编码语音类别，而且易受高阶词汇干扰的影响;（3）在噪声中识别语音会招募一个跨半球回路（AC左→ IFGright），其参与程度根据任务难度而变化。这些研究结果提供了确凿的证据，自上而下的影响，通过协调的相互作用额颞叶脑区之间的语音的早期声学语音分析。
Speech perception requires the grouping of acoustic information into meaningful phonetic units via the process of categorical perception (CP). Environmental masking influences speech perception and CP. However, it remains unclear at which stage of processing (encoding, decision, or both) masking affects listeners’ categorization of speech signals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether linguistic interference influences the early acoustic-phonetic conversion process inherent to CP. To this end, we measured source level, event related brain potentials (ERPs) from auditory cortex (AC) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) as listeners rapidly categorized speech sounds along a /da/ to /ga/ continuum presented in three listening conditions: quiet, and in the presence of forward (informational masker) and time-reversed (energetic masker) 2-talker babble noise. Maskers were matched in overall SNR and spectral content and thus varied only in their degree of linguistic interference (i.e., informational masking). We hypothesized a differential effect of informational versus energetic masking on behavioral and neural categorization responses, where we predicted increased activation of frontal regions when disambiguating speech from noise, especially during lexical-informational maskers. We found (1) informational masking weakens behavioral speech phoneme identification above and beyond energetic masking; (2) low-level AC activity not only codes speech categories but is susceptible to higher-order lexical interference; (3) identifying speech amidst noise recruits a cross hemispheric circuit (ACleft → IFGright) whose engagement varies according to task difficulty. These findings provide corroborating evidence for top-down influences on the early acoustic-phonetic analysis of speech through a coordinated interplay between frontotemporal brain areas.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.14.8301
发表时间：
1999-07-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Garavan, H;Ross, TJ;Stein, EA
通讯作者：
Stein, EA
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Doeller, CF;Opitz, B;Schröger, E
通讯作者：
Schröger, E
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Bidelman, Gavin M.;Dexter, Lauren
通讯作者：
Dexter, Lauren
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Cope TE;Sohoglu E;Sedley W;Patterson K;Jones PS;Wiggins J;Dawson C;Grube M;Carlyon RP;Griffiths TD;Davis MH;Rowe JB
通讯作者：
Rowe JB
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bidelman, Gavin M.;Walker, Breya S.
通讯作者：
Walker, Breya S.