Understanding opioid reward.

Understanding opioid reward.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tins.2015.01.002
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发表时间:
2015-04
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Margolis EB
Margolis EB
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fields HL;Margolis EB

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阿片类药物是临床使用中最有效的镇痛药;然而,其强大的奖励特性可能导致成瘾。科学的挑战是保持镇痛效力,同时限制耐受性,依赖性和成瘾性的发展。阿片类药物的奖赏和镇痛作用都依赖于对μ阿片(MOP)受体的作用。系统性阿片奖赏需要中脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)的MOP受体功能,该区域含有多巴胺能神经元。腹侧被盖区多巴胺能神经元参与奖赏的各个方面,包括奖赏预测误差、工作记忆和激励显著性。现在很清楚,腹侧被盖区神经元的子集具有不同的药理学特性,并参与不同的回路。MOP受体激动剂作用于不同VTA回路的程度取决于动物的行为状态,其可以通过诸如食物剥夺或先前暴露于MOP受体激动剂的操作来改变。
Opioids are the most potent analgesics in clinical use; however, their powerful rewarding properties can lead to addiction. The scientific challenge is to retain analgesic potency while limiting the development of tolerance, dependence, and addiction. Both rewarding and analgesic actions of opioids depend upon actions at the mu opioid (MOP) receptor. Systemic opioid reward requires MOP receptor function in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) which contains dopaminergic neurons. VTA dopaminergic neurons are implicated in various aspects of reward including reward prediction error, working memory, and incentive salience. It is now clear that subsets of VTA neurons have different pharmacological properties and participate in separate circuits. The degree to which MOP receptor agonists act on different VTA circuits depends upon the behavioral state of the animal, which can be altered by manipulations such as food deprivation or prior exposure to MOP receptor agonists.
神经元型特异性信号,用于腹侧对段区域的奖励和惩罚。
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