Gene regulation by cytokinin in Arabidopsis.
Gene regulation by cytokinin in Arabidopsis.
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拟南芥中细胞分裂素调节基因。
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2012.00008
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Schmülling T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brenner WG;Ramireddy E;Heyl A;Schmülling T
植物激素细胞分裂素至少部分的信号输出是通过调控基因表达实现的。早期转录调控的很大一部分是由b型反应调节因子介导的，b型反应调节因子是MYB家族的转录因子。其他转录因子，如AP2/ERF家族的细胞分裂素反应因子，也被证明参与了这一过程。其他转录因子通过组织和细胞特异性下游转录级联介导细胞分裂素反应的不同部分。在拟南芥中，迄今为止只有一个细胞分裂素反应元件被明确证实与b型反应调节因子结合，该元件以5′-GAT(T/C)-3′为核心序列。该基序用于构建一个合成的细胞分裂素敏感双组分系统响应元件，该元件可用于监测细胞分裂素状态。通过细胞分裂素处理后的全基因组基因表达分析以及细胞分裂素含量或信号传导改变的植物，对转录调控的程度有了深入的了解。本文综述了这类微阵列数据的荟萃分析，得出了细胞分裂素反应基因的核心列表。编码a型反应调节因子的基因对细胞分裂素的反应最为稳定，但许多细胞分裂素代谢基因（CKX4、CKX5、CYP735A2、UGT76C2）也属于这些基因，表明在转录水平上运行的稳态机制。细胞分裂素核心反应基因也是其他激素以及生物和非生物胁迫的靶标，记录了细胞分裂素系统与其他激素和环境信号通路的串扰。细胞分裂素与多种功能的多重联系，包括分生组织活性的控制、激素串扰、营养获取和各种应激反应，也被独立基因表达谱研究反复发现的基因汇编所证实。这些功能至少在一定程度上得到了基因研究的支持。
The plant hormone cytokinin realizes at least part of its signaling output through the regulation of gene expression. A great part of the early transcriptional regulation is mediated by type-B response regulators, which are transcription factors of the MYB family. Other transcription factors, such as the cytokinin response factors of the AP2/ERF family, have also been shown to be involved in this process. Additional transcription factors mediate distinct parts of the cytokinin response through tissue- and cell-specific downstream transcriptional cascades. In Arabidopsis, only a single cytokinin response element, to which type-B response regulators bind, has been clearly proven so far, which has 5′-GAT(T/C)-3′ as a core sequence. This motif has served to construct a synthetic cytokinin-sensitive two-component system response element, which is useful for monitoring the cellular cytokinin status. Insight into the extent of transcriptional regulation has been gained by genome-wide gene expression analyses following cytokinin treatment and from plants having an altered cytokinin content or signaling. This review presents a meta analysis of such microarray data resulting in a core list of cytokinin response genes. Genes encoding type-A response regulators displayed the most stable response to cytokinin, but a number of cytokinin metabolism genes (CKX4, CKX5, CYP735A2, UGT76C2) also belong to them, indicating homeostatic mechanisms operating at the transcriptional level. The cytokinin core response genes are also the target of other hormones as well as biotic and abiotic stresses, documenting crosstalk of the cytokinin system with other hormonal and environmental signaling pathways. The multiple links of cytokinin to diverse functions, ranging from control of meristem activity, hormonal crosstalk, nutrient acquisition, and various stress responses, are also corroborated by a compilation of genes that have been repeatedly found by independent gene expression profiling studies. Such functions are, at least in part, supported by genetic studies.
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