Processing speed and memory mediate age-related differences in decision making.
Processing speed and memory mediate age-related differences in decision making.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0019096
复制
发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Huettel, Scott A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henninger, Debra E.;Madden, David J.;Huettel, Scott A.
风险下的决策会随着年龄的增长而变化。最常见的特征是随着年龄的增长，风险厌恶程度增加，尽管老年人在某些决策环境中也可能寻求风险。一个重要的，但尚未回答的问题是，这些决策的变化是否反映了衰老的直接影响，或者，由特定认知过程中与年龄相关的变化引起的间接影响。在目前的研究中，老年人（平均年龄= 71岁）和年轻人（平均年龄= 24岁）完成了一系列认知能力和决策偏好的测试。结果表明，年龄对决策质量的系统性影响-在不同的任务中观察到的风险寻求和风险规避都增加-与先前的研究一致。然而，路径分析显示，年龄相关的影响是由处理速度和记忆的个体差异介导的。当这些变量被纳入模型时，年龄不再是决策质量的重要预测因素。作者得出结论，通常归因于衰老的决策质量降低（以及风险偏好的相关变化）是由与年龄相关的潜在认知能力变化介导的。
Decision making under risk changes with age. Most commonly characterized have been increases in risk-aversion with age, although older adults may also be risk-seeking in some decision contexts. An important, and unanswered, question is whether these changes in decision making reflect a direct effect of aging or, alternatively, an indirect effect caused by age-related changes in specific cognitive processes. In the current study, older adults (mean = 71 years) and younger adults (mean = 24 years) completed a battery of tests of cognitive capacities and decision-making preferences. The results indicated systematic effects of age upon decision quality – with both increased risk-seeking and increased risk-aversion observed in different tasks – consistent with prior studies. Path analyses, however, revealed that age-related effects were mediated by individual differences in processing speed and memory. When those variables were included in the model, age was no longer a significant predictor of decision quality. The authors conclude that the reduction in decision quality (and associated changes in risk preferences) commonly ascribed to aging are instead mediated by age-related changes in underlying cognitive capacities.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Kovalchik, S;Camerer, CF;Allman, JM
通讯作者：
Allman, JM
影响因子：
--
作者：
BAKSHI, GS;CHEN, ZW
通讯作者：
CHEN, ZW
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Park, DC;Smith, AD;Gaines, CL
通讯作者：
Gaines, CL
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Jianakoplos, NA;Bernasek, A
通讯作者：
Bernasek, A
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Lejuez, CW;Read, JP;Brown, RA
通讯作者：
Brown, RA