The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms.
The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11357-023-00873-8
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发表时间：
2023-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Kunutsor, Setor K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ungvari, Zoltan;Fazekas-Pongor, Vince;Csiszar, Anna;Kunutsor, Setor K.
包括散步在内的身体活动对老年人的健康有许多好处，这得到了大量观察性和干预性研究的支持。散步可以降低患心脑血管疾病、2型糖尿病、认知障碍和痴呆等各种健康问题的风险或严重程度，同时还能改善心理健康、睡眠和寿命。建立了步行时间和强度与不良心血管结局的剂量-反应关系。步行对心血管危险因素的有利影响归因于其对循环、心肺和免疫功能的影响。按照目前的身体活动指南，每天快走30分钟，持续5天，可以降低几种与年龄相关的疾病的风险。此外，低强度的体育锻炼，包括散步，具有抗衰老作用，有助于预防与年龄有关的疾病，使其成为促进健康老龄化的有力工具。蓝区是世界上百岁老人最集中的地区，蓝区居民的生活方式就是例证。步行和其他低强度的体育活动对这些地区的人的寿命有重要贡献，步行是他们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。因此，将步行纳入日常生活并鼓励以步行为基础的身体活动干预，可能是促进所有人群健康老龄化和改善健康结果的有效策略。本综述的目的是概述大量一致的证据，支持体育活动对健康的益处，特别关注步行，并讨论步行对各种健康结果的影响，包括预防与年龄相关的疾病。此外，本综述将深入研究步行和低强度体育活动对衰老特定分子和细胞机制影响的证据，为步行发挥其有益抗衰老作用的潜在生物学机制提供见解。
Physical activity, including walking, has numerous health benefits in older adults, supported by a plethora of observational and interventional studies. Walking decreases the risk or severity of various health outcomes such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia, while also improving mental well-being, sleep, and longevity. Dose-response relationships for walking duration and intensity are established for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Walking’s favorable effects on cardiovascular risk factors are attributed to its impact on circulatory, cardiopulmonary, and immune function. Meeting current physical activity guidelines by walking briskly for 30 min per day for 5 days can reduce the risk of several age-associated diseases. Additionally, low-intensity physical exercise, including walking, exerts anti-aging effects and helps prevent age-related diseases, making it a powerful tool for promoting healthy aging. This is exemplified by the lifestyles of individuals in Blue Zones, regions of the world with the highest concentration of centenarians. Walking and other low-intensity physical activities contribute significantly to the longevity of individuals in these regions, with walking being an integral part of their daily lives. Thus, incorporating walking into daily routines and encouraging walking-based physical activity interventions can be an effective strategy for promoting healthy aging and improving health outcomes in all populations. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the vast and consistent evidence supporting the health benefits of physical activity, with a specific focus on walking, and to discuss the impact of walking on various health outcomes, including the prevention of age-related diseases. Furthermore, this review will delve into the evidence on the impact of walking and low-intensity physical activity on specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging, providing insights into the underlying biological mechanisms through which walking exerts its beneficial anti-aging effects.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrd3738
发表时间：
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期刊：
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发表时间：
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Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
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