Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in mammals.
Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in mammals.
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DOI：
10.1007/s13238-014-0089-1
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
21.1
通讯作者：
Jiang, Xuejun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiong, Shunbin;Mu, Tianyang;Wang, Guowen;Jiang, Xuejun
线粒体外膜透化（MOMP）和随后释放细胞色素c到细胞质中以激活半胱天冬酶是线粒体介导的半胱天冬酶激活途径的主要凋亡途径。MOMP受Bcl-2蛋白家族调节。该通路不仅在正常发育、维持组织稳态和调节免疫系统中起重要作用，而且在免疫紊乱、神经退行性疾病和癌症等人类疾病中也起重要作用。在过去的几十年中，这一途径的分子基础和调控机制已被全面研究，但大量的新证据表明，细胞色素c从线粒体释放并不总是导致不可逆的细胞死亡，caspase激活也可以具有非死亡功能。因此，仍然存在许多未解决的问题和新的挑战。此外，参与癌症发展的该途径的功能障碍是显而易见的，并且靶向该途径作为治疗策略已被广泛探索，但靶向治疗的功效仍在开发中。本文将对细胞凋亡途径及其生理作用和治疗意义进行综述。
The mitochondria-mediated caspase activation pathway is a major apoptotic pathway characterized by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and subsequent release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm to activate caspases. MOMP is regulated by the Bcl-2 family of proteins. This pathway plays important roles not only in normal development, maintenance of tissue homeostasis and the regulation of immune system, but also in human diseases such as immune disorders, neurodegeneration and cancer. In the past decades the molecular basis of this pathway and the regulatory mechanism have been comprehensively studied, yet a great deal of new evidence indicates that cytochrome c release from mitochondria does not always lead to irreversible cell death, and that caspase activation can also have non-death functions. Thus, many unsolved questions and new challenges are still remaining. Furthermore, the dysfunction of this pathway involved in cancer development is obvious, and targeting the pathway as a therapeutic strategy has been extensively explored, but the efficacy of the targeted therapies is still under development. In this review we will discuss the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway and its physiological roles and therapeutic implications.
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