Role of the commensal microbiota in normal and pathogenic host immune responses.

Role of the commensal microbiota in normal and pathogenic host immune responses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chom.2011.10.004
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发表时间:
2011-10-20
影响因子:
30.3
通讯作者:
Pamer EG
Pamer EG
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Littman DR;Pamer EG

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栖息在胃肠道不同部位的肠道微生物群通过与宿主物种的共同进化而形成。数百种微生物物种与宿主的共生关系需要一种调谐的反应,该反应防止宿主损伤,例如炎症,同时耐受潜在有益微生物的存在。最近的研究已经开始阐明参与维持微生物群稳态的免疫过程,以及宿主免疫或微生物生态系统的干扰如何导致引起疾病的生态失调。我们对这种微妙的宿主-微生物关系的日益认识有望影响我们对炎症性疾病和微生物病原体感染的理解,并提供新的治疗机会。
The commensal microbiota that inhabit different parts of the gastrointestinal tract has been shaped by co-evolution with the host species. The symbiotic relationship of the hundreds of microbial species with the host requires a tuned response that prevents host damage, e.g. inflammation, while tolerating the presence of the potentially beneficial microbes. Recent studies have begun to shed light on immunological processes that participate in maintenance of homeostasis with the microbiota and on how disturbance of host immunity or the microbial ecosystem can result in disease-provoking dysbiosis. Our growing appreciation of this delicate host-microbe relationship promises to influence our understanding of inflammatory diseases and infection by microbial pathogens and to provide new therapeutic opportunities.
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