Effects of prior amphetamine exposure on approach strategy in appetitive Pavlovian conditioning in rats.
Effects of prior amphetamine exposure on approach strategy in appetitive Pavlovian conditioning in rats.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-008-1353-y
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发表时间：
2009-03
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Setlow B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simon NW;Mendez IA;Setlow B
具有离散奖赏预测视觉线索的巴甫洛夫条件反射可以引发两类行为：“手势跟踪”(接近并接触线索)和“目标跟踪”(接近奖赏传递地点)。手势跟踪被认为与强迫性寻求奖励的行为障碍有关，比如上瘾。事先接触滥用的精神刺激性药物可以通过增强激励性显著归因来促进奖励寻求行为。因此，据预测，苯丙胺暴露的敏化方案将增加手势跟踪行为。这些实验的目的是确定暴露于苯丙胺的养生法如何影响随后的手势跟踪行为。雄性Long-Evans大鼠每天注射d-苯丙胺(2.0 mg/kg)或生理盐水5天，然后给予7天的无药期，然后进行巴甫洛夫条件反射测试。在实验1中，向大鼠呈现位于中央食物槽左侧或右侧的视觉提示(同时照亮一盏灯并伸展杠杆)。一条线索(CS+)总是跟随着送餐，而另一条线索(CS−)则不是。在实验2中，大鼠被测试在非歧视(仅CS+)版本的任务中。在这两个实验中，与生理盐水对照组相比，安非他明暴露的大鼠表现出更少的手势跟踪和更多的目标跟踪。与预测相反，之前的苯丙胺暴露减少了手势跟踪，增加了目标跟踪行为。然而，这些结果确实支持这一假设，即心理刺激剂暴露和激励敏感化以牺牲奖励远端线索为代价，增强了针对奖励近端线索的行为。
Pavlovian conditioning with a discrete reward-predictive visual cue can elicit two classes of behaviors: “sign-tracking” (approach toward and contact with the cue) and “goal-tracking” (approach toward the site of reward delivery). Sign-tracking has been proposed to be linked to behavioral disorders involving compulsive reward-seeking, such as addiction. Prior exposure to psychostimulant drugs of abuse can facilitate reward-seeking behaviors through enhancements in incentive salience attribution. Thus, it was predicted that a sensitizing regimen of amphetamine exposure would increase sign-tracking behavior. The purpose of these experiments was to determine how a regimen of exposure to amphetamine affects subsequent sign-tracking behavior. Male Long-Evans rats were given daily injections of d-amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) or saline for 5 days, then given a 7-day drug-free period followed by testing in a Pavlovian conditioning task. In experiment 1, rats were presented with a visual cue (simultaneous illumination of a light and extension of a lever) located either to the left or right of a centrally located food trough. One cue (CS+) was always followed by food delivery, whereas the other (CS−) was not. In experiment 2, rats were tested in a nondiscriminative (CS+ only) version of the task. In both experiments, amphetamine-exposed rats showed less sign-tracking and more goal-tracking compared to saline controls. Contrary to predictions, prior amphetamine exposure decreased sign-tracking and increased goal-tracking behavior. However, these results do support the hypothesis that psychostimulant exposure and incentive sensitization enhance behavior directed toward reward-proximal cues at the expense of reward-distal cues.
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影响因子：
5.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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