Peptidoglycan at its peaks: how chromatographic analyses can reveal bacterial cell wall structure and assembly.

Peptidoglycan at its peaks: how chromatographic analyses can reveal bacterial cell wall structure and assembly.
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DOI:
10.1111/mmi.12266
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发表时间:
2013-07
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Huang KC
Huang KC
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Desmarais SM;De Pedro MA;Cava F;Huang KC

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肽聚糖(PG)细胞壁是一种独特的大分子,在几乎所有的细菌渗透胁迫下负责形状决定和细胞完整性。对PG结构、形态发生、免疫系统激活和发病机制之间的关系的定量理解可以提供对参与细胞壁合成和细胞生长的蛋白质的功能的分子尺度的见解。高效液相色谱(HPLC)通过提供一种分析方法来量化化学组成的差异,在我们理解细胞壁的结构和化学复杂性方面发挥了重要作用。在这里,我们提出了一个引物的基本化学特征的壁结构,可以通过HPLC,沿着的描述的应用程序的HPLC PG分析解释的遗传和化学扰动的影响,在不同的环境中的各种细菌物种。我们描述了不同的PG组合物对细胞形状的物理后果,并回顾了PG分析的补充实验和计算方法。最后,我们提出了HPLC和相关技术的未来发展目标的部分列表。
The peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall is a unique macromolecule responsible for both shape determination and cellular integrity under osmotic stress in virtually all bacteria. A quantitative understanding of the relationships between PG architecture, morphogenesis, immune system activation, and pathogenesis can provide molecular-scale insights into the function of proteins involved in cell-wall synthesis and cell growth. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) has played an important role in our understanding of the structural and chemical complexity of the cell wall by providing an analytical method to quantify differences in chemical composition. Here, we present a primer on the basic chemical features of wall structure that can be revealed through HPLC, along with a description of the applications of HPLC PG analyses for interpreting the effects of genetic and chemical perturbations to a variety of bacterial species in different environments. We describe the physical consequences of different PG compositions on cell shape, and review complementary experimental and computational methodologies for PG analysis. Finally, we present a partial list of future targets of development for HPLC and related techniques.
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