Electrophoresis of cellular membrane components creates the directional cue guiding keratocyte galvanotaxis.
Electrophoresis of cellular membrane components creates the directional cue guiding keratocyte galvanotaxis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2013.02.047
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发表时间：
2013-04-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Theriot, Julie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Greg M.;Mogilner, Alex;Theriot, Julie A.
暴露于外部直流电场的运动细胞将在称为趋电性的过程中沿着电势方向重新定向和迁移。尽管已经提出了几种看似合理的假设，但细胞感知电场的基本物理机制尚不清楚。在这项工作中，我们评估了每种机制的有效性。我们发现鱼表皮细胞在电场中对阴极的定向运动反应不需要细胞外的钠或钾，对膜电位不敏感，并且对跨质膜的钙、钠、氢或氯离子运输的扰动也不敏感。细胞沿层流流体施加力的方向迁移，但电渗流的逆转并不影响趋电反应。当细胞外 pH 值低于 6 时，趋电性会失效，这表明膜成分的有效电荷可能是一个关键因素。随着水粘度的增加减慢膜组分的迁移会减慢趋电响应的动力学。此外，抑制 PI3K 会逆转细胞对阳极的反应，表明趋电信号下游存在多种信号通路。我们的结果与以下假设最为一致：运动细胞膜成分的电泳重新分布是运动细胞感知电场的主要物理机制。然后，细胞膜的这种化学极化通过典型的趋化性细胞内信号传导途径进行转导，以决定细胞的行进方向。
Motile cells exposed to an external direct current electric field will reorient and migrate along the direction of the electric potential in a process known as galvanotaxis. The underlying physical mechanism that allows a cell to sense an electric field is unknown, although several plausible hypotheses have been proposed. In this work we evaluate the validity of each of these mechanisms. We find that the directional motile response of fish epidermal cells to the cathode in an electric field does not require extracellular sodium or potassium, is insensitive to membrane potential, and also insensitive to perturbation of calcium, sodium, hydrogen, or chloride ion transport across the plasma membrane. Cells migrate in the direction of applied forces from laminar fluid flow, but reversal of electroosmotic flow did not affect the galvanotactic response. Galvanotaxis fails when extracellular pH is below 6, which suggests that the effective charge of membrane components may be a crucial factor. Slowing the migration of membrane components with an increase in aqueous viscosity slows the kinetics of the galvanotactic response. In addition inhibition of PI3K reverses the cell’s response to the anode, suggesting the existence of multiple signaling pathways downstream of the galvanotactic signal. Our results are most consistent with the hypothesis that electrophoretic redistribution of membrane components of the motile cell is the primary physical mechanism for motile cells to sense an electric field. This chemical polarization of the cellular membrane is then transduced by intracellular signaling pathways canonical to chemotaxis to dictate the cell’s direction of travel.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Meng, Xiaoting;Arocena, Miguel;Penninger, Josef;Gage, Fred H.;Zhao, Min;Song, Bing
通讯作者：
Song, Bing
DOI：
10.1111/j.1550-7408.1961.tb01231.x
发表时间：
1961-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
JAHN, TL
通讯作者：
JAHN, TL
DOI：
10.1085/jgp.49.3.501
发表时间：
1966-01
期刊：
The Journal of general physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lipman KM;Dodelson R;Hays RM
通讯作者：
Hays RM
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Minc, Nicolas;Chang, Fred
通讯作者：
Chang, Fred
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Hoeller, Oliver;Kay, Robert R.
通讯作者：
Kay, Robert R.