Neural dynamics underlying birdsong practice and performance.
Neural dynamics underlying birdsong practice and performance.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-04004-1
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
音乐和运动技能是通过强化练习来学习和保持的，以便为观众提供精确和可靠的表演。因此，要理解这种复杂的行为，就需要深入了解大脑在练习和表演过程中的功能。雄性斑胸草雀学会发出求偶的歌声，这种歌声在单独的时候更加多变，在雌性斑胸草雀面前更加刻板。这些差异被认为分别反映了歌曲练习和表演，提供了一个有用的系统来探索神经元如何编码和调节这两种状态下的运动变异性。在这里，我们表明，钙信号在合奏的多刺神经元（SN）在基底神经节是高度可变的相对于他们的皮层传入在歌曲练习。相比之下，SN钙信号在女性指导的表现中被强烈抑制，并且在实践中光遗传学抑制SN强烈降低了声音的可变性。无监督学习方法表明，特定的SN活动模式映射到不同的歌曲练习变体。最后，我们确定去甲肾上腺素能信号通过直接抑制SN活性来降低声音变异性。因此，SN合奏在练习期间编码并驱动声乐探索，并且SN活动的去甲肾上腺素能抑制促进观众的刻板和精确的歌曲表演。
Musical and athletic skills are learned and maintained through intensive practice to enable precise and reliable performance for an audience. Consequently, understanding such complex behaviours requires insight into how the brain functions during both practice and performance. Male zebra finches learn to produce courtship songs that are more varied when alone and more stereotyped in the presence of females. These differences are thought to reflect song practice and performance, respectively, providing a useful system in which to explore how neurons encode and regulate motor variability in these two states. Here we show that calcium signals in ensembles of spiny neurons (SNs) in the basal ganglia are highly variable relative to their cortical afferents during song practice. By contrast, SN calcium signals are strongly suppressed during female-directed performance, and optogenetically suppressing SNs during practice strongly reduces vocal variability. Unsupervised learning methods show that specific SN activity patterns map onto distinct song practice variants. Finally, we establish that noradrenergic signalling reduces vocal variability by directly suppressing SN activity. Thus, SN ensembles encode and drive vocal exploration during practice, and the noradrenergic suppression of SN activity promotes stereotyped and precise song performance for an audience.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Hara M;Fukui R;Hieda E;Kuroiwa M;Bateup HS;Kano T;Greengard P;Nishi A
通讯作者：
Nishi A
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Leblois, Arthur;Wendel, Benjamin J.;Perkel, David J.
通讯作者：
Perkel, David J.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1611146114
发表时间：
2017-05-30
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Budzillo, Agata;Duffy, Alison;Perkel, David J.
通讯作者：
Perkel, David J.
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2250-08.2008
发表时间：
2008-12-03
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kao MH;Wright BD;Doupe AJ
通讯作者：
Doupe AJ
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Klaus A;Martins GJ;Paixao VB;Zhou P;Paninski L;Costa RM
通讯作者：
Costa RM