Vitamins C and E: beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective.
Vitamins C and E: beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.017
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Stevens, Jan F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Traber, Maret G.;Stevens, Jan F.
讨论了人体所需的两种膳食抗氧化剂--维生素C和维生素E的机械性质及其生物学效应。维生素C(抗坏血酸)是α-酮戊二酸依赖的双加氧酶的重要辅助因子。例如，Prolyl羟基酶在胶原的生物合成中发挥作用，并下调缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1的转录因子，HIF-1是一种转录因子，调节许多与肿瘤生长、能量代谢、中性粒细胞功能和细胞凋亡有关的基因。维生素C依赖的抑制HIF途径可能为控制肿瘤进展、感染和炎症提供替代或额外的方法。维生素E(α-toCopherol)是一种必需的脂溶性抗氧化剂，可清除脂质环境中的过氧化氢自由基。人类维生素E缺乏的症状表明，维生素E的抗氧化特性在保护红细胞膜和神经组织方面发挥着重要作用。作为一种抗氧化剂，维生素C通过清除活性氧、依赖维生素E的中和脂类过氧化氢自由基以及保护蛋白质免受亲电脂类过氧化产物的烷基化来保护细胞免受氧化应激所致的损伤。这些生物活性与炎症性疾病有关。维生素C还通过内皮型一氧化氮合酶(ENOS)辅助因子四氢生物蝶呤的循环发挥作用，四氢生物蝶呤与动脉弹性和血压调节有关。来自植物的证据支持维生素C在与亲电的次生代谢物形成共价加合物中的作用。这篇综述强调了补充维生素C和E对生物标志物和随机、安慰剂对照试验的临床结果的基于机制的影响。
The mechanistic properties of two dietary antioxidants that are required by humans, vitamins C and E, are discussed relative to their biological effects. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential cofactor for α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. Examples are prolyl hydroxylases, which play a role in the biosynthesis of collagen and in down-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, a transcription factor that regulates many genes responsible for tumor growth, energy metabolism, and neutrophil function and apoptosis. Vitamin C-dependent inhibition of the HIF pathway may provide alternative or additional approaches for controlling tumor progression, infections and inflammation. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) functions as an essential lipid soluble antioxidant, scavenging hydroperoxyl radicals in lipid milieu. Human symptoms of vitamin E deficiency suggest that its antioxidant properties play a major role in protecting erythrocyte membranes and nervous tissues. As an antioxidant, vitamin C provides protection against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage by scavenging of reactive oxygen species, vitamin E-dependent neutralization of lipid hydroperoxyl radicals, and by protecting proteins from alkylation by electrophilic lipid peroxidation products. These bioactivities bear relevance to inflammatory disorders. Vitamin C plays also a role in the function of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by recycling the eNOS cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin, which is relevant to arterial elasticity and blood pressure regulation. Evidence from plants supports a role for vitamin C in the formation of covalent adducts with electrophilic secondary metabolites. Mechanism-based effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on biomarkers and on clinical outcomes from randomized, placebo-controlled trials are emphasized in this review.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1331.004
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
VITAMIN E AND HEALTH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brigelius-Flohé, R;Roob, JM;Winklhofer-Roob, BM
通讯作者：
Winklhofer-Roob, BM
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Chappell, LC;Seed, PT;Poston, L
通讯作者：
Poston, L
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1331.059
发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
VITAMIN E AND HEALTH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ahmed, T;Marko, M;Meydani, SN
通讯作者：
Meydani, SN
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Asleh, Rabea;Levy, Andrew P.
通讯作者：
Levy, Andrew P.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Berry, Donold;Wathen, J. Kyle;Newell, Margaret
通讯作者：
Newell, Margaret