Prevalence and molecular typing of Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle in England and Wales and examination of potential on-farm transmission routes.
Prevalence and molecular typing of Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle in England and Wales and examination of potential on-farm transmission routes.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.05.022
复制
发表时间：
2014-08-29
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Giles M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith RP;Clifton-Hadley FA;Cheney T;Giles M
平均从英格兰和威尔士 80 个奶牛场的牛、共同放牧的羊、野生动物和农场废物中采集了 70 个样本，以调查隐孢子虫的流行情况、潜在来源和传播途径。通过 IFAT 显微镜检测，74 个农场（92.5%）至少检测到 1 个阳性样本。牛的患病率为 10.2%（95% CI 9.4–11.1%），小牛样本中检测到的患病率更高，特别是 1 个月以下的小牛样本（45.1%）。年幼的小牛也更有可能脱落小隐孢子虫和较大浓度的卵囊，而年长的小牛和成年牛则更有可能分别脱落牛隐孢子虫和安氏隐孢子虫。检测到的微小隐球菌亚型主要来自英国牛中常见的类型（67% 是 IIaA15G2R1 或 IIaA17G1R1）。从一个牛样本中鉴定出一种新的亚型 IIaA17G1R2。共同放牧绵羊的患病率较低（4%）。鸟类和啮齿动物可能是隐孢子虫的重要储存库，因为它们的流行率高、卵囊浓度高，并且在这些野生动物的样本中发现了已知存在于人类群体中的小隐孢子虫亚型。在脏水和粪便中以及撒有浆液的牧场样本中都检测到了隐孢子虫。在 64% 的农场中，从农场的不同牛群中检测到相同的隐孢子虫物种（主要是小隐孢子虫或牛隐孢子虫），但除了共用工作人员外，没有记录到各群之间有直接或间接接触。在同一农场的牛、农场废物和鸟类样本中发现了相同的隐孢子虫物种，但在绵羊或啮齿动物样本中很少或根本不存在。物种/亚型的匹配还与不同样本源的接近程度有关，这可能表明潜在的传播途径。
An average of 70 samples were collected from 80 dairy farms in England and Wales, from cattle, co-grazed sheep, wildlife and farm wastes, to investigate prevalence, potential sources and transmission routes of Cryptosporidium. At least one positive sample was detected on 74 of the farms (92.5%) by IFAT microscopy. The prevalence in cattle was 10.2% (95% CI 9.4–11.1%), with greater prevalences detected in calf samples, especially from those under 1 month (45.1%). Young calves were also more likely to be shedding Cryptosporidium parvum and larger concentrations of oocysts, whereas older calves and adult cattle were more likely to be shedding Cryptosporidium bovis and Cryptosporidium andersoni, respectively. The C. parvum subtypes detected were predominantly from types commonly identified in UK cattle (67% were either IIaA15G2R1 or IIaA17G1R1). A novel subtype, IIaA17G1R2, was identified from one cattle sample. The prevalence in co-grazed sheep was low (4%). Birds and rodents may represent significant reservoirs of Cryptosporidium due to high prevalence, large oocyst concentrations, and the detection of a C. parvum subtype known to be present in human populations, identified in samples from these wildlife. Cryptosporidium were detected in dirty water and manure, and also from pasture samples where slurry had been spread. On 64% of the farms, identical Cryptosporidium species were detected (mainly C. parvum or C. bovis) from different cattle groups on the farms, although no direct or indirect contact between the groups were recorded, apart from sharing staff. The same Cryptosporidium species were found in cattle, farm wastes and bird samples on the same farms, but rarely, or not at all, present in sheep or rodent samples. The matching of species/subtypes was also related to the proximity of the different sample sources which may indicate a potential transmission route.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Santin, Monica;Trout, James M.;Fayer, Ronald
通讯作者：
Fayer, Ronald
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Castro-Hermida, JA;González-Losada, YA;Ares-Mazás, E
通讯作者：
Ares-Mazás, E
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Elwin, K;Chalmers, RM;Casemore, DP
通讯作者：
Casemore, DP
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Pritchard, G. C.;Marshall, J. A.;Marshall, R. N.
通讯作者：
Marshall, R. N.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Mueller-Doblies, Doris;Giles, Michaela;Chalmers, Rachel M.
通讯作者：
Chalmers, Rachel M.