Drugs of abuse and human placenta.
Drugs of abuse and human placenta.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lfs.2010.09.015
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发表时间：
2011-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Ganapathy, Vadivel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganapathy, Vadivel
关键词：
滥用药物，如可卡因和安非他明，当孕妇使用时，对胎儿产生有害影响。这些药物通过抑制血清素转运体、去甲肾上腺素转运体和多巴胺转运体发挥作用。这种抑制可以发生在孕妇和胎儿中。这些事件有助于这些药物对胎儿的不利影响。然而，胎盘作为怀孕母亲和胎儿之间的联系，在这个过程中的作用仍然没有得到充分的研究。据推测，胎盘在这一过程中不起任何直接作用，只是允许这些药物从母体循环进入胎儿循环。这是在发现胎盘表达三种单胺转运蛋白中的两种之前。5-羟色胺转运体和去甲肾上腺素转运体在合体滋养层面向母体的一侧表达，因此如果母体血液中存在可卡因和安非他明，则暴露于可卡因和安非他明的抑制作用。抑制胎盘中的这些转运蛋白可导致绒毛间隙中的5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素升高，这可引起子宫收缩和血管收缩，从而导致早产、胎盘血流减少和宫内发育迟缓。因此，胎盘实际上是这些滥用药物的直接目标。由于胎盘5-羟色胺转运体和去甲肾上腺素转运体也受到许多抗抑郁药的抑制，因此在孕妇中治疗性使用这些药物可能对胎盘功能和胎儿生长发育产生类似的不利影响。
Drugs of abuse such as cocaine and amphetamines, when used by pregnant women, exert deleterious effects on the fetus. These drugs produce their effects through inhibition of the serotonin transporter, norepinephrine transporter, and dopamine transporter. The inhibition can occur in the pregnant mother as well as in the fetus. These events contribute to the detrimental effects of these drugs on the fetus. However, the role of placenta, which serves as the link between the pregnant mother and the fetus, in the process remains understudied. It has been assumed that placenta did not play any direct role in the process except that it allowed the passage of these drugs from maternal circulation into fetal circulation. This was before the discovery that placenta expresses two of the three monoamine transporters. The serotonin transporter and the norepinephrine transporter are expressed on the maternal-facing side of the syncytiotrophoblast, thus exposed to the inhibitory actions of cocaine and amphetamines if present in maternal blood. Inhibition of these transporters in placenta could lead to elevation of serotonin and norepinephrine in the intervillous space that may cause uterine contraction and vasoconstriction, resulting in premature delivery, decreased placental blood flow, and intrauterine growth retardation. Thus, the placenta is actually a direct target for these abusable drugs. Since the placental serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter are also inhibited by many antidepressants, therapeutic use of these drugs in pregnant women may have similar detrimental effects on placental function and fetal growth and development.
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DOI：
10.1006/bbrc.1996.1842
发表时间：
1996-12-13
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Kekuda, R;Prasad, PD;Ganapathy, V
通讯作者：
Ganapathy, V
DOI：
10.1016/0002-9378(95)90427-1
发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
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影响因子：
11
作者：
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通讯作者：
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