Geroprotective potential of microbiome modulators in the Caenorhabditis elegans model.
Geroprotective potential of microbiome modulators in the Caenorhabditis elegans model.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11357-023-00901-7
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发表时间：
2024-02
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Jain, Shalini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller, Brandi C.;Mathai, Megha;Yadav, Hariom;Jain, Shalini
衰老与细胞和生理变化有关，这些变化会显著降低生活质量并增加疾病风险。老年保护剂可以延长寿命，减缓有害的衰老相关变化的进展，如免疫系统衰老，线粒体功能障碍，营养感应和代谢失调。新出现的证据表明，肠道微生物群失调是衰老相关疾病的标志，微生物群调节剂，如益生菌（活细菌）或益生素（非活细菌/细菌副产物）可能是有前途的老年保护剂。然而，由于它们是菌株特异性的，益生菌和益生素的老年保护作用仍然知之甚少，研究不足。黑腹果蝇、秀丽隐杆线虫和啮齿动物是研究寿命和益生菌和/或益生素的作用的经过充分验证的临床前模型，但每种模型都有其局限性，包括成本和它们对人类衰老生物学的转化。C.由于其生命周期短、易于维护、成本低和与人类同源，秀丽线虫是用于大规模筛选以确定药物或益生菌/益生素的老年保护潜力的极好模型。本文的目的是回顾微生物组调节剂的老年保护作用及其未来的范围，使用C。优雅的模特这些益生菌和益生菌的拟议衰老保护机制包括延缓免疫系统衰老、预防或减少线粒体功能障碍以及调节食物摄入（饮食限制）和新陈代谢。有必要进行更多的研究，以了解益生菌和益生元以及其他微生物组调节剂（如益生元和发酵食品）的老年保护潜力，并利用它们来开发有效的治疗方法，以延长寿命并降低衰老相关疾病的风险。
Aging is associated with cellular and physiological changes, which significantly reduce the quality of life and increase the risk for disease. Geroprotectors improve lifespan and slow the progression of detrimental aging-related changes such as immune system senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated nutrient sensing and metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis is a hallmark of aging-related diseases and microbiome modulators, such as probiotics (live bacteria) or postbiotics (non-viable bacteria/bacterial byproducts) may be promising geroprotectors. However, because they are strain-specific, the geroprotective effects of probiotics and postbiotics remain poorly understood and understudied. Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and rodents are well-validated preclinical models for studying lifespan and the role of probiotics and/or postbiotics, but each have their limitations, including cost and their translation to human aging biology. C. elegans is an excellent model for large-scale screening to determine the geroprotective potential of drugs or probiotics/postbiotics due to its short lifecycle, easy maintenance, low cost, and homology to humans. The purpose of this article is to review the geroprotective effects of microbiome modulators and their future scope, using C. elegans as a model. The proposed geroprotective mechanisms of these probiotics and postbiotics include delaying immune system senescence, preventing or reducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulating food intake (dietary restriction) and metabolism. More studies are warranted to understand the geroprotective potential of probiotics and postbiotics, as well as other microbiome modulators, like prebiotics and fermented foods, and use them to develop effective therapeutics to extend lifespan and reduce the risk of debilitating aging-related diseases.
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