The complete mitochondrial genomes of two ghost moths, Thitarodes renzhiensis and Thitarodes yunnanensis: the ancestral gene arrangement in Lepidoptera.
The complete mitochondrial genomes of two ghost moths, Thitarodes renzhiensis and Thitarodes yunnanensis: the ancestral gene arrangement in Lepidoptera.
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仁智丝翅蛾和云南丝翅蛾两种鬼蛾的完整线粒体基因组：鳞翅目祖先基因排列
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-13-276
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发表时间：
2012-06-22
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Yang DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao YQ;Ma C;Chen JY;Yang DR
鳞翅目包括超过160，000种已被分类为45-48个总科。先前确定的鳞翅目线粒体基因组（mitogenomes）仅限于6个超科的谱系Ditrysia。与祖先昆虫基因顺序相比，这些有丝分裂基因组都含有tRNA重排。为了获得对鳞翅目有丝分裂基因组进化的新见解，我们对属于非ditrysian谱系蝙蝠蛾总科的两种鬼蛾的有丝分裂基因组进行了测序，并在鳞翅目中进行了比较有丝分裂基因组学分析。本文对仁智Thitarodes renzhiensis和T. Yunnanensis的A + T分别为16，173 bp和15，816 bp，A + T含量分别为81.28%和82.34%。两个有丝分裂基因组包括13个蛋白质编码基因、22个转运RNA基因、2个核糖体RNA基因和富含A + T的区域。在富含A + T的区域中的不同串联重复主要解释了两个有丝分裂基因组之间的大小差异。除了cox 1（CGA）和nad 1（TTG）外，所有蛋白质编码基因都以典型的线粒体起始密码子开始。T. renzhiensis和T. yunnanensis是UCU，而不是其它鳞翅目昆虫有丝分裂基因组中常用的GCU。还确定了一种未指定的鬼蛾（Thitarodes sp.）从rrnS到nad 2的1，584-bp序列，其在富含A + T的区域中没有重复序列。这三种Thitarodes都具有祖先基因序列，trnI-trnQ-trnM位于A + T富集区和nad 2之间，这与所有先前测序的鳞翅目物种的基因序列trnM-trnI-trnQ不同。鳞翅目昆虫有丝分裂基因组中的保守元件（即富含A + T的区域中的“ATAGA”基序和poly-T延伸以及nad 2上游的长间隔区）在蝽属昆虫有丝分裂基因组中缺失。T. renzhiensis和T.与以往已测定的鳞翅目昆虫有丝分裂基因组相比，云南鳞翅目昆虫的有丝分裂基因组表现出一些不寻常的特征。它们的祖先基因顺序表明，tRNA重排事件可能发生在蝙蝠蛾总科从其他鳞翅目谱系分化之后。这两种鬼蛾有丝分裂基因组的鉴定丰富了我们对鳞翅目昆虫有丝分裂基因组的认识，有助于我们理解有丝分裂基因组进化的机制，特别是基因重排。
Lepidoptera encompasses more than 160,000 described species that have been classified into 45–48 superfamilies. The previously determined Lepidoptera mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are limited to six superfamilies of the lineage Ditrysia. Compared with the ancestral insect gene order, these mitogenomes all contain a tRNA rearrangement. To gain new insights into Lepidoptera mitogenome evolution, we sequenced the mitogenomes of two ghost moths that belong to the non-ditrysian lineage Hepialoidea and conducted a comparative mitogenomic analysis across Lepidoptera. The mitogenomes of Thitarodes renzhiensis and T. yunnanensis are 16,173 bp and 15,816 bp long with an A + T content of 81.28 % and 82.34 %, respectively. Both mitogenomes include 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and the A + T-rich region. Different tandem repeats in the A + T-rich region mainly account for the size difference between the two mitogenomes. All the protein-coding genes start with typical mitochondrial initiation codons, except for cox1 (CGA) and nad1 (TTG) in both mitogenomes. The anticodon of trnS(AGN) in T. renzhiensis and T. yunnanensis is UCU instead of the mostly used GCU in other sequenced Lepidoptera mitogenomes. The 1,584-bp sequence from rrnS to nad2 was also determined for an unspecified ghost moth (Thitarodes sp.), which has no repetitive sequence in the A + T-rich region. All three Thitarodes species possess the ancestral gene order with trnI-trnQ-trnM located between the A + T-rich region and nad2, which is different from the gene order trnM-trnI-trnQ in all previously sequenced Lepidoptera species. The formerly identified conserved elements of Lepidoptera mitogenomes (i.e. the motif ‘ATAGA’ and poly-T stretch in the A + T-rich region and the long intergenic spacer upstream of nad2) are absent in the Thitarodes mitogenomes. The mitogenomes of T. renzhiensis and T. yunnanensis exhibit unusual features compared with the previously determined Lepidoptera mitogenomes. Their ancestral gene order indicates that the tRNA rearrangement event(s) likely occurred after Hepialoidea diverged from other lepidopteran lineages. Characterization of the two ghost moth mitogenomes has enriched our knowledge of Lepidoptera mitogenomes and contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying mitogenome evolution, especially gene rearrangements.
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