Affect Elicitation for Affective Computing
Affect Elicitation for Affective Computing
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情感计算的情感诱导
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199942237.013.001
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. D’Mello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacqueline Kory;S. D’Mello
在研究和开发能够检测、解释和适应人类情感的系统时，在实验室中可靠地、道德地引出情感状态的能力至关重要。人们已经开发出许多激发情感的方法。一般来说，它们涉及呈现刺激以唤起来自一个或多个情绪反应系统的反应。刺激的性质千差万别。被动方法包括图像、电影剪辑和音乐的呈现。主动方法可以涉及与其他人的社交或二元互动，或行为操纵，其中个体被指示采取面部表情，姿势或其他情感相关行为。本章讨论了每种类型的范例方法，讨论了每种方法的优点和缺点，并简要总结了一些额外的方法。关键词/关键词情感诱发，情感图像，情感电影片段，情感音乐，后向掩蔽，行为操纵，社会互动，二元互动词汇情感诱发：用于唤起（或诱导）个体情感反应的方法。这些方法通常涉及呈现刺激或将受试者沉浸在一种情形中以唤起来自一个或多个情绪反应系统的反应。刺激的性质各不相同，可能包括图像，电影或音乐的呈现;采用面部表情或姿势;以及社会或二元互动等。情感图像：经过精心挑选和评估的数字图像或照片，以唤起观众的情感状态。情感电影片段：短电影片段，通常包括图像和声音，已被选择和评估其唤起观众情感状态的潜力。情感音乐：一种录制的音乐作品，已被选择和评估其唤起听众情感状态的能力。后向掩蔽：一种用于阻止对视觉刺激的有意识的方法。目标刺激被非常短暂地（例如15- 60 ms）显示给个体，随后立即是显示较长时间（例如500 ms）的“掩蔽”刺激。个人报告说，他们有意识地只知道面具。行为操纵：一种方法，其中个人被指示采取特定的行为-如身体姿势或面部表情-以诱导特定的情感状态。社会互动：人际关系两个或多个人之间的关系，可能是短暂的或持久的，其中一个人的行动和行为对其他人的行动和行为作出反应。在一种情感激发方法中，研究人员试图创造现实的社会互动场景，这些场景可能会在更自然的背景下唤起情感。二元互动：两个人之间的社会互动（见社会互动）。一种情感诱导方法专注于将成对的个体聚集在一起，进行未经排练的、结构最小的对话，以便在更自然的背景下唤起情感状态。
The ability to reliably and ethically elicit affective states in the laboratory is critical when studying and developing systems that can detect, interpret, and adapt to human affect. Many methods for eliciting emotions have been developed. In general, they involve presenting a stimulus to evoke a response from one or more emotion response systems. The nature of the stimulus varies widely. Passive methods include the presentation of images, film clips, and music. Active methods can involve social or dyadic interactions with other people, or behavior manipulations in which an individual is instructed to adopt facial expressions, postures, or other emotionally-relevant behaviors. This chapter discusses exemplar methods of each type, discusses advantages and disadvantages of each method, and briefly summarizes some additional methods. Keywords/keyphrases affect elicitation, emotional images, emotional film clips, emotional music, backward masking, behavior manipulation, social interaction, dyadic interaction Glossary Affect elicitation: Methods used to evoke (or induce) affective responses in individuals. These methods generally involve presenting a stimulus or immersing the subject in a situation to evoke a response from one or more emotion response systems. The nature of the stimulus varies and could include the presentation of images, film, or music; adopting facial expressions or postures; and social or dyadic interactions, among others. Emotional images: Digital images or photographs that have been carefully selected and evaluated for their potential to evoke affective states in the viewer. Emotional film clips: Short movie segments, usually including both images and sound, which have been selected and evaluated for their potential to evoke affective states in the viewer. Emotional music: A recorded musical piece that has been selected and evaluated for its ability to evoke affective states in the listener. Backward masking: A method used to block conscious awareness of a visual stimulus. The target stimulus is shown to an individual very briefly (such as 15-60ms), followed immediately by a “mask” stimulus shown for a longer time (such as 500ms). Individuals report being consciously aware of only the mask. Behavior manipulation: A method in which individuals are instructed to adopt particular behaviors – such as body postures or facial expressions – in order to induce particular affective states. Social interaction: A relationship between two or more individuals, that may be fleeting or enduring, in which an individual’s actions and behavior are responsive to the actions and behavior of the other individuals. In one affect elicitation method, researchers try to create realistic social interaction scenarios that might evoke emotions in a more naturalistic context. Dyadic interaction: A social interaction specifically between two individuals (see Social Interaction). One affect elicitation method focuses on bringing pairs of individuals together to engage in an unrehearsed, minimally structured conversation in order to evoke affective states in a more naturalistic context.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Cohan,CL;Bradbury,TN
通讯作者：
Bradbury,TN
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
A. W. Siegman;S. Boyle
通讯作者：
A. W. Siegman;S. Boyle
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Margo J Monteith;L. Ashburn-Nardo;C. Voils;Alexander M. Czopp
通讯作者：
Margo J Monteith;L. Ashburn-Nardo;C. Voils;Alexander M. Czopp
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Harmon-Jones, E;Sigelman, J
通讯作者：
Sigelman, J
难度并没有考虑定向面部动作任务中特定于情绪的心率变化。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Levenson,RobertW;Ekman,Paul
通讯作者：
Ekman,Paul