Emergent simplicity in microbial community assembly.

Emergent simplicity in microbial community assembly.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aat1168
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发表时间:
2018-08-03
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sanchez A
Sanchez A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goldford JE;Lu N;Bajić D;Estrela S;Tikhonov M;Sanchez-Gorostiaga A;Segrè D;Mehta P;Sanchez A

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微生物组研究中一个尚未解决的主要问题是,在自然群落调查中观察到的复杂分类结构是否可以通过基本的定量原理来解释和预测。在自然生态系统中,同时影响群落集合的生态过程的多样性阻碍了理论和实验的衔接。我们通过监测数百种土壤和植物来源的微生物组在控制良好的最小合成培养基中的组装来应对这一挑战。社区一级的功能和粗粒度的分类所产生的社区是高度可预测的,并受营养物质的可用性,尽管物种的变异性很大。通过推广经典的生态模型,包括广泛的非特异性交叉喂养,我们表明,这些功能都是新兴的大型微生物群落的组装特性,解释它们在自然微生物组中的普遍存在。
A major unresolved question in microbiome research is whether the complex taxonomic architectures observed in surveys of natural communities can be explained and predicted by fundamental, quantitative principles. Bridging theory and experiment is hampered by the multiplicity of ecological processes that simultaneously affect community assembly in natural ecosystems. We addressed this challenge by monitoring the assembly of hundreds of soil- and plant-derived microbiomes in well-controlled minimal synthetic media. Both the community-level function and the coarse-grained taxonomy of the resulting communities are highly predictable and governed by nutrient availability, despite substantial species variability. By generalizing classical ecological models to include widespread nonspecific cross-feeding, we show that these features are all emergent properties of the assembly of large microbial communities, explaining their ubiquity in natural microbiomes.
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