Bacillus anthracis in China and its relationship to worldwide lineages.
Bacillus anthracis in China and its relationship to worldwide lineages.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2180-9-71
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发表时间：
2009-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Keim P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simonson TS;Okinaka RT;Wang B;Easterday WR;Huynh L;U'Ren JM;Dukerich M;Zanecki SR;Kenefic LJ;Beaudry J;Schupp JM;Pearson T;Wagner DM;Hoffmaster A;Ravel J;Keim P
1033 个炭疽杆菌分离株的全球分布模式先前已由一组 12 个保守的规范单核苷酸多态性 (canSNP) 定义。这些研究证实了这种引起炭疽病的病原体存在 3 个主要谱系和 12 个亚谱系和亚群。形成 A 谱系（与 B 和 C 谱系不同）的分离株已广泛分布于世界各地，并构成“现代”炭疽的地理分布基础。来自中国的 191 种不同炭疽芽孢杆菌分离物的档案收藏让人们得以一睹中国贸易和商业在该病原体某些亚系传播中可能发挥的作用。规范单核苷酸多态性 (canSNP) 和多位点 VNTR 分析 (MLVA) 分型已用于检查该分离株档案。 canSNP研究表明，在之前描述的世界范围内的12种canSNP基因型中，中国有5种不同的亚谱系/亚群。其中三种 canSNP 基因型仅在中国最西部的省份新疆发现。这些基因型是 A.Br.008/009，这是一个分布在欧洲和亚洲大部分地区的亚组； A.Br.Aust 94，一个存在于欧洲和印度的亚谱系，以及 A.Br.Vollum，一个也存在于欧洲的谱系。其余两个canSNP基因型分布在整个中国，属于A.Br.001/002亚组和A.Br.Ames亚系，这两个密切相关的基因型。 MLVA 分型提高了每个 canSNP 基因型中分离株的分辨率，A.Br.008/009 和 A.Br.001/002 亚组的多样性指数表明它们代表了中国较古老且已建立的进化枝。从中国新疆省西部的三个 canSNP 亚群（A.Br.008/009、A.Br.Aust94 和 A.Br.Vollum）中分离到炭疽芽孢杆菌。该省的喀什市似乎不仅是贸易的十字路口，也是炭疽病等疾病沿着古代“丝绸之路”传播的十字路口。系统发育推断还表明，A.Br.Ames 亚系首次在从德克萨斯州吉姆霍格县分离的原始 Ames 菌株中发现，是 A.Br.001/002 亚群的后代，该亚群在中国大部分地区都有分布。这些结果表明德克萨斯州较年轻的艾姆斯亚系与分布在加拿大中部和达科他州的大型北美西部亚系之间存在遗传不连续性。
The global pattern of distribution of 1033 B. anthracis isolates has previously been defined by a set of 12 conserved canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms (canSNP). These studies reinforced the presence of three major lineages and 12 sub-lineages and sub-groups of this anthrax-causing pathogen. Isolates that form the A lineage (unlike the B and C lineages) have become widely dispersed throughout the world and form the basis for the geographical disposition of "modern" anthrax. An archival collection of 191 different B. anthracis isolates from China provides a glimpse into the possible role of Chinese trade and commerce in the spread of certain sub-lineages of this pathogen. Canonical single nucleotide polymorphism (canSNP) and multiple locus VNTR analysis (MLVA) typing has been used to examine this archival collection of isolates. The canSNP study indicates that there are 5 different sub-lineages/sub-groups in China out of 12 previously described world-wide canSNP genotypes. Three of these canSNP genotypes were only found in the western-most province of China, Xinjiang. These genotypes were A.Br.008/009, a sub-group that is spread across most of Europe and Asia; A.Br.Aust 94, a sub-lineage that is present in Europe and India, and A.Br.Vollum, a lineage that is also present in Europe. The remaining two canSNP genotypes are spread across the whole of China and belong to sub-group A.Br.001/002 and the A.Br.Ames sub-lineage, two closely related genotypes. MLVA typing adds resolution to the isolates in each canSNP genotype and diversity indices for the A.Br.008/009 and A.Br.001/002 sub-groups suggest that these represent older and established clades in China. B. anthracis isolates were recovered from three canSNP sub-groups (A.Br.008/009, A.Br.Aust94, and A.Br.Vollum) in the western most portion of the large Chinese province of Xinjiang. The city of Kashi in this province appears to have served as a crossroads for not only trade but the movement of diseases such as anthrax along the ancient "silk road". Phylogenetic inference also suggests that the A.Br.Ames sub-lineage, first identified in the original Ames strain isolated from Jim Hogg County, TX, is descended from the A.Br.001/002 sub-group that has a major presence in most of China. These results suggest a genetic discontinuity between the younger Ames sub-lineage in Texas and the large Western North American sub-lineage spread across central Canada and the Dakotas.
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影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Easterday, WR;Van Ert, MN;Keim, P
通讯作者：
Keim, P
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Fouet, AS;Smith, KL;Keim, P
通讯作者：
Keim, P
炭疽芽孢杆菌的全球遗传种群结构。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Van Ert, Matthew N.;Easterday, W. Ryan;Huynh, Lynn Y.;Okinaka, Richard T.;Hugh-Jones, Martin E.;Ravel, Jacques;Zanecki, Shaylan R.;Pearson, Talima;Simonson, Tatum S.;U'Ren, Jana M.;Kachur, Sergey M.;Leadem-Dougherty, Rebecca R.;Rhoton, Shane D.;Zinser, Guenevier;Farlow, Jason;Coker, Pamala R.;Smith, Kimothy L.;Wang, Bingxiang;Kenefic, Leo J.;Fraser-Liggett, Claire M.;Wagner, David M.;Keim, Paul
通讯作者：
Keim, Paul
影响因子：
9.5
作者：
Kumar, S;Tamura, K;Nei, M
通讯作者：
Nei, M
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Van Ert, Matthew N.;Easterday, W. Ryan;Keim, Paul
通讯作者：
Keim, Paul