Occurrence, Distribution, and Potential Sources of Organophosphate Esters in Urban and Rural Surface Water in Shanghai, China
Occurrence, Distribution, and Potential Sources of Organophosphate Esters in Urban and Rural Surface Water in Shanghai, China
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中国上海城乡地表水中有机磷酸酯的赋存、分布及潜在来源
DOI：
10.1007/s00244-019-00633-w
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Xu Gang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Zhenyong;Shao Haiyang;Wu Minghong;Zhang Junyun;Li Dongyang;Li Jinsong;Wang Hongyong;Shi Wenyan;Xu Gang
本文研究了上海、中国等典型国际大都市城乡地表水中8种有机磷酸酯类化合物的存在和分布规律。此外，还分析了7个污水处理厂的浓度水平和去除效率。城市河流中检测到的有机污染物浓度显著高于农村河流中的浓度。农村地表水中L−1的总有机碳含量为185.4~321 ng，城市水中L−1的总有机碳含量为340~1688.7 ng，平均分别为L−1的221.8 ng和L−1的850.2 ng。与世界上发表的其他研究相比，上海地表水中的有机污染物污染处于中等水平。在此基础上，对城市地表水中有机污染物的潜在来源进行了研究，结果表明，城市地表水中有机污染物主要来自三种潜在来源。在农村地表水中，OPE浓度分布比较均匀，因此农村地表水中OPE可能来自面源污染。最后，进行了初步的环境风险评价和健康风险评价。结果表明，三种水生生物(藻类、水蚤和鱼类)在所有采样点(采样点R7：藻类中等风险除外)的环境风险都很低。健康风险评估表明，ƩOPE对不同的人类群体具有非致癌风险。
In this study, the occurrence and distribution patterns of eight organophosphate esters (OPEs) were investigated in urban and rural surface water in a typical cosmopolitan city: Shanghai, China. In addition, concentration levels and removal efficiencies of seven sewage treatment plants were analyzed. The OPEs concentrations detected in urban rivers were significantly higher than those detected in rural rivers. Total OPEs ranged from 185.4 to 321 ng L−1in rural surface water and from 340 to 1688.7 ng L−1in urban, with an average of 221.8 ng L−1and 850.2 ng L−1, respectively. Compared with other studies published in the world, the OPEs contamination in surface river water in Shanghai was at a moderate level. Furthermore, the potential sources of OPEs in urban surface water were investigated, and the results indicated that OPEs in urban surface water mainly came from three potential sources. In rural surface water, the OPE concentrations were uniformly distributed, so OPEs in rural surface water may came from nonpoint source pollution. Last, a preliminary environmental risk assessment and health risk assessment were conducted. The results showed low environmental risks at all sampling sites (except for sampling point R7: medium risk for algae) for the three aquatic organisms (algae, daphnia, and fish). Health risk assessment indicated a noncarcinogenic risk for diverse human groups for ƩOPEs.
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