A prolegomenon to the empirical cross‐linguistic study of truth

A prolegomenon to the empirical cross‐linguistic study of truth
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真理的实证跨语言研究序言

DOI:
10.1111/theo.12438
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
0.5
通讯作者:
Mizumoto Masaharu
Mizumoto Masaharu
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
田島充士;Mizumoto Masaharu

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在本文中,我们提出并证明了跨语言研究的真理概念,通过实证研究的真理谓词,这种研究的结果。我们首先从概念上探讨了纯粹由于语言规范支配真谓词而导致的关于真的跨语言分歧的可能性,这可能意味着关于真的概念的一种多元主义。然后,我们考虑在什么条件下,我们有理由从这种跨语言分歧的事实中推断出这种多元主义。接下来,我们报告了三项研究的结果,对使用英语“是真的”和日语两个真理谓词,以及“是正确的”和它的日语对应。然后,我们报告了另一组使用不同小插曲的研究,在早期研究中观察到的激进的跨语言差异消失了。这些数据共同表明,真理承载者(话语)中的道德政治因素强烈影响日语真理谓词的使用,而不是英语。最后,我们将讨论这里报道的研究和结果的含义,以及我们称之为词汇真实伦理多元主义的经验可能性,对于相对主义,意义理论以及通货紧缩和通货膨胀的真理理论的争论。
In this paper, we propose and justify the cross‐linguistic study of the concept of truth through empirical studies of truth predicates, with results of such studies. We first conceptually explore the possibility of cross‐linguistic disagreement about truth purely due to linguistic norms governing truth predicates, which may imply a kind of pluralism about the concept of truth. We then consider the conditions under which we would be justified in inferring this sort of pluralism from the fact of such cross‐linguistic disagreement. Next, we report results of three studies on the use of English “is true” and Japanese two truth predicates, as well as “is correct” and its Japanese counterpart. We then report another set of studies using a different vignette, where the radical cross‐linguistic difference observed in earlier studies disappeared. These data together suggest that the moral‐political factor in the truth‐bearer (utterance) strongly affects the uses of Japanese truth predicates but not those of English. Finally, we will discuss the implications of the studies and results reported here, and the empirical possibility of what we call lexical alethic pluralism, for debates over relativism, theories of meaning, and the deflationary and inflationary theories of truth.
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