Mental health and psychological well-being of Kenyan adolescents from Nairobi and the Coast regions in the context of COVID-19.
Mental health and psychological well-being of Kenyan adolescents from Nairobi and the Coast regions in the context of COVID-19.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s13034-023-00613-y
复制
发表时间：
2023-05-19
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Abubakar, Amina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mbithi, Gideon;Mabrouk, Adam;Sarki, Ahmed;Odhiambo, Rachel;Namuguzi, Mary;Dzombo, Judith Tumaini;Atukwatse, Joseph;Kabue, Margaret;Mwangi, Paul;Abubakar, Amina
尽管青春期心理健康问题负担沉重，并产生了相关的负面后果，但它仍然受到忽视，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲。2019年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对青少年心理健康造成额外压力。然而，很少有研究记录心理健康问题的负担，该地区的心理健康服务更少。鉴于知识有限，本研究旨在确定肯尼亚COVID-19大流行背景下青少年的心理健康状况，并评估青少年心理健康问题的风险和相关因素。我们在2022年对居住在内罗毕和肯尼亚沿海地区的13-19岁青少年进行了一项横断面调查。我们使用标准化的心理评估工具，包括病人健康问卷，广泛性焦虑量表，优势和困难问卷，世界卫生组织-五个幸福指数量表，和流行性焦虑量表，以评估青少年的心理健康。采用线性回归模型评估青少年生活质量、流行性焦虑、情绪和行为问题的相关性。随后，使用逻辑回归模型评估与抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症相关的因素。将单变量模型中p值< 0.25的变量纳入多变量回归模型。结果基于797名符合入选标准的参与者。我们发现，失学青少年的抑郁症患病率相对较高，为36.0%，而在校青少年为20.6%。此外，校外青少年的焦虑得分显著高于在校青少年（分别为27.7%和19.1%）。与校外青少年相比，在校青少年的生活质量评分更高，流行病焦虑评分更低，情绪和行为问题评分也更低。与抑郁症相关的主要风险因素包括：失学（OR = 1.96（95% CI 1.33- 2.88）p值= 0.001），孤独（OR = 10.68（95%CI 4.49-22.86）p-值< 0.001）和生活在不安全的社区（OR = 2.24（95%CI 1.52-3.29）p-值< 0.001）。年龄较大（OR = 1.16（95% CI 1.03-1.30）p值= 0.015），未上学（OR = 1.81（95% CI 1.19-2.77）p值= 0.006），和居住在不安全的社区（OR = 2.01（95%CI 1.33-3.04）p值= 0.001）是与焦虑相关的关键因素。此外，与生活质量正相关的关键因素包括：高社会经济地位（P（Std.Err）= 0.58（0.14）p值< 0.001），经常与朋友交谈（P（Std.Err）= 2.32（0.53）p值< 0.001）和与父母亲近（P（Std.Err）= 1.37（0.62）= 0.026）。我们的研究结果意味着，应优先考虑针对该国青少年的心理健康支持服务，特别是那些失学的青少年。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s13034-023-00613-y获得。
Despite the high burden of mental health problems during adolescence and its associated negative consequences, it has remained neglected especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The 2019 novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has placed additional stress on adolescent mental health. However, there are few studies documenting the burden of mental health problems and even fewer mental health services in the region. In relation to the limited body of knowledge, the present study aims to determine the psychological well-being of adolescents and to assess the risks and associated factors of mental health problems among adolescents in the context of COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2022 among adolescents aged 13–19 years living in Nairobi, and the Coast region of Kenya. We utilized standardized psychological assessment tools including the Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, The World Health Organization- Five Well-Being Index Scale, and the Pandemic Anxiety Scale, to evaluate the psychological wellbeing of the adolescents. A linear regression model was used to evaluate the correlates associated with quality of life, pandemic anxiety, and emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents. Subsequently, a logistic regression model was used to assess factors associated with depression and general anxiety disorders. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 in the univariate model were included in the multivariable regression model. The results are based on 797 participants who met the inclusion criteria. We found the prevalence of depression to be relatively higher among out-of-school adolescents at 36.0% compared to school-going adolescents at 20.6%. Furthermore, out-of-school adolescents had significantly higher anxiety scores when compared to their school-going counterparts (27.7% vs 19.1%) respectively. In-school adolescents had a better quality of life scores, lower pandemic anxiety scores, and lower emotional and behavioral problems scores compared to their out-of-school counterparts. Key risk factors associated with depression include; being out-of-school (OR = 1.96 (95% CI 1.33- 2.88) p-value = 0.001), loneliness (OR = 10.68 (95% CI 4.49–22.86) p-value < 0.001), and living in an unsafe neighborhood (OR = 2.24 (95% CI 1.52–3.29) p-value < 0.001). An older age (OR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.03–1.30) p-value = 0.015), being out-of-school (OR = 1.81 (95% CI 1.19–2.77) p-value = 0.006), and living in an unsafe neighborhood (OR = 2.01 (95% CI 1.33–3.04) p-value = 0.001 were key factors associated with anxiety. Furthermore, key factors positively correlated with quality of life include; high socioeconomic status (ß (Std.Err) = 0.58 (0.14) p-value < 0.001, talking to friends often (ß (Std.Err) = 2.32 (0.53) p-value < 0.001, and being close to parents (ß (Std.Err) = 1.37 (0.62) = 0.026. Our findings imply that mental health support services targeting adolescents in the country should be prioritized, especially for those who are out-of-school. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13034-023-00613-y.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Jörns-Presentati A;Napp AK;Dessauvagie AS;Stein DJ;Jonker D;Breet E;Charles W;Swart RL;Lahti M;Suliman S;Jansen R;van den Heuvel LL;Seedat S;Groen G
通讯作者：
Groen G
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bursac, Zoran;Gauss, C Heath;Williams, David Keith;Hosmer, David W
通讯作者：
Hosmer, David W
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Chongwo E;Ssewanyana D;Nasambu C;Mwangala PN;Mwangi PM;Nyongesa MK;Newton CR;Abubakar A
通讯作者：
Abubakar A
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Mabrouk, Adam;Mbithi, Gideon;Chongwo, Esther;Too, Ezra;Sarki, Ahmed;Namuguzi, Mary;Atukwatse, Joseph;Ssewanyana, Derrick;Abubakar, Amina
通讯作者：
Abubakar, Amina
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Ssewanyana D;van Baar A;Newton CR;Abubakar A
通讯作者：
Abubakar A