Sambucus nigra extracts inhibit infectious bronchitis virus at an early point during replication.
Sambucus nigra extracts inhibit infectious bronchitis virus at an early point during replication.
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-6148-10-24
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发表时间：
2014-01-16
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Pendleton AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen C;Zuckerman DM;Brantley S;Sharpe M;Childress K;Hoiczyk E;Pendleton AR
传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）是一种致病性鸡冠状病毒。目前，针对IBV的疫苗接种仅具有部分保护作用;因此，需要更好的预防和治疗。植物产生抗微生物次级化合物，这可能是新型抗病毒药物的来源。对红景天根、黑种草子种子和接骨木果实的无细胞毒性粗乙醇提取物进行了抗IBV活性测试，因为这些安全、广泛使用的植物组织含有抑制其他病毒的多酚衍生物。使用台盼蓝染色对Vero细胞的剂量-反应细胞毒性曲线确定了每种植物提取物的最高非细胞毒性浓度。为了筛选IBV抑制，用提取物预处理细胞和病毒，然后在提取物存在下感染。与浸提液再孵育24 h后，目视评估病毒致细胞病变效应。分别收获细胞和上清液，并通过噬斑测定定量病毒滴度。该筛选方案的变化确定了许多缩短的S。黑种草提取物处理。最后，S.通过负染色的透射电子显微镜观察黑提取物处理的病毒体。用R.处理的感染细胞的病毒滴度。rosea和N. Sativa提取物与单独用溶剂处理的感染细胞没有实质上的不同。然而，S.在感染复数（MOI）为1时，黑根提取物以剂量响应方式将病毒滴度降低了四个数量级。感染在低MOI病毒滴度降低了6个数量级和病毒的预处理是必要的，但不足以完全抑制病毒。用S.黑提取物显示出受损的包膜和膜囊泡的存在，这表明了作用机制。这些结果表明S.黑提取物可以在感染的早期抑制IBV，可能是通过使病毒不具有感染性。他们还建议，未来的研究使用S。黑提取物治疗或预防IBV或其他冠状病毒是必要的。
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a pathogenic chicken coronavirus. Currently, vaccination against IBV is only partially protective; therefore, better preventions and treatments are needed. Plants produce antimicrobial secondary compounds, which may be a source for novel anti-viral drugs. Non-cytotoxic, crude ethanol extracts of Rhodiola rosea roots, Nigella sativa seeds, and Sambucus nigra fruit were tested for anti-IBV activity, since these safe, widely used plant tissues contain polyphenol derivatives that inhibit other viruses. Dose–response cytotoxicity curves on Vero cells using trypan blue staining determined the highest non-cytotoxic concentrations of each plant extract. To screen for IBV inhibition, cells and virus were pretreated with extracts, followed by infection in the presence of extract. Viral cytopathic effect was assessed visually following an additional 24 h incubation with extract. Cells and supernatants were harvested separately and virus titers were quantified by plaque assay. Variations of this screening protocol determined the effects of a number of shortened S. nigra extract treatments. Finally, S. nigra extract-treated virions were visualized by transmission electron microscopy with negative staining. Virus titers from infected cells treated with R. rosea and N. sativa extracts were not substantially different from infected cells treated with solvent alone. However, treatment with S. nigra extracts reduced virus titers by four orders of magnitude at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 in a dose-responsive manner. Infection at a low MOI reduced viral titers by six orders of magnitude and pretreatment of virus was necessary, but not sufficient, for full virus inhibition. Electron microscopy of virions treated with S. nigra extract showed compromised envelopes and the presence of membrane vesicles, which suggested a mechanism of action. These results demonstrate that S. nigra extract can inhibit IBV at an early point in infection, probably by rendering the virus non-infectious. They also suggest that future studies using S. nigra extract to treat or prevent IBV or other coronaviruses are warranted.
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DOI：
10.3390/v5020605
发表时间：
2013-02-06
期刊：
Viruses
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hidari KI;Abe T;Suzuki T
通讯作者：
Suzuki T
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Choi, Hwa Jung;Song, Jae Hyoung;Kwon, Dur Han
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
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