Two distinct types of ON directionally selective ganglion cells in the rabbit retina.
Two distinct types of ON directionally selective ganglion cells in the rabbit retina.
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.22678
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mills, Stephen L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoshi, Hideo;Tian, Lian-Ming;Massey, Stephen C.;Mills, Stephen L.
哺乳动物的视网膜包含大约20种神经节细胞，它们对视觉场景的不同方面做出反应，包括视野中物体的运动方向。长期以来，人们一直认为兔视网膜包含两种不同类型的定向选择性（DS）神经节细胞：一种是双分层的ON- off DS神经节细胞，它对光的开始和终止有反应；另一种是ON DS神经节细胞，它只在ON层分层，只对光的开始有反应。兔视网膜的定向记录对这种分裂提出了挑战，这表明ON DS神经节细胞有两种明显不同的类型。其中一种是强示踪剂偶联的无腺细胞；另一种永远不会是示踪耦合的。这两种类型在分支模式、分层深度、相对潜伏期和尖峰的短暂性方面也有所不同。持续的、解偶联的ON DS细胞在低胆碱能带内完全分叉，并对尼古丁产生连续放电反应。相比之下，瞬时偶联的ON DS神经节细胞在胆碱能带上方分层，不能接受来自胆碱能无分泌细胞的主要输入，这与它对胆碱能激动剂尼古丁的适度反应一致。大量数据表明，哺乳动物视网膜的定向反应源于星爆状无突细胞树突释放的γ -氨基丁酸（GABA）。如果在星爆带中存在不分层的ON DS神经节细胞，这表明其依赖gaba的定向信号可能是由一种独立于星爆无突细胞的机制产生的。
Mammalian retinas contain about 20 types of ganglion cells that respond to different aspects of the visual scene, including the direction of motion of objects in the visual field. The rabbit retina has long been thought to contain two distinct types of directionally selective (DS) ganglion cell: a bistratified ON-OFF DS ganglion cell that responds to onset and termination of light, and an ON DS ganglion cell, which stratifies only in the ON layer and responds only to light onset. This division is challenged by targeted recordings from rabbit retina, which indicate that ON DS ganglion cells occur in two discriminably different types. One of these is strongly tracer-coupled to amacrine cells; the other is never tracer-coupled. These two types also differ in branching pattern, stratification depth, relative latency, and transience of spiking. The sustained, uncoupled ON DS cell ramifies completely within the lower cholinergic band and responds to nicotine with continuous firing. In contrast, the transient, coupled ON DS ganglion cell stratifies above the cholinergic band and is not positioned to receive major input from cholinergic amacrine cells, consistent with its modest response to the cholinergic agonist nicotine. Much data have accrued that directional responses in the mammalian retina originate via gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from the dendrites of starburst amacrine cells. If there is an ON DS ganglion cell that does not stratify in the starburst band, this suggests that its GABA-dependent directional signals may be generated by a mechanism independent of starburst amacrine cells.
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