Role of ACh-GABA cotransmission in detecting image motion and motion direction.
Role of ACh-GABA cotransmission in detecting image motion and motion direction.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.031
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发表时间：
2010-12-22
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Zhou, Z. Jimmy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Seunghoon;Kim, Kyongmin;Zhou, Z. Jimmy
星爆无长突细胞（SACs）处理复杂的视觉信号在视网膜上使用ACh和GABA，但ACh-GABA共释放的突触组织和功能尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明，SAC使胆碱能突触的开-关方向选择性神经节细胞（DSGCs）从所有的方向，但使GABA能突触DSGCs只从零方向。ACh和GABA的释放差异在Ca 2+水平的具体方式，这两个发射器从不同的囊泡人口释放。尽管对称的胆碱能连接，光诱发的胆碱能输入DSGC，检测到在光的开始和偏移，是运动和方向敏感。这种输入是由两点明显的运动在首选的方向，但抑制在零方向，大概是由GABA能mechanism。结果揭示了一个新的水平的突触复杂性的星爆电路，并建议差分，但协同作用，ACh-GABA的cotransmission在运动敏感性和方向选择性的作用。
Starburst amacrine cells (SACs) process complex visual signals in the retina using both ACh and GABA, but the synaptic organization and function of ACh-GABA corelease remain unclear. Here, we show that SACs make cholinergic synapses onto On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) from all directions, but make GABAergic synapses onto DSGCs only from the null direction. ACh and GABA were released differentially in a Ca2+ level-specific manner, suggesting the two transmitters were released from different vesicle populations. Despite the symmetric cholinergic connection, the light-evoked cholinergic input to a DSGC, detected at both light onset and offset, was motion- and direction-sensitive. This input was facilitated by two-spot apparent motion in the preferred direction, but supressed in the null direction, presumably by a GABAergic mechnism. The results revealed a new level of synaptic intricacy in the starburst circuit and suggest differential, yet synergistic, roles of ACh-GABA cotransmission in motion sensitivity and direction selectivity.
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