A widely distributed phosphate-insensitive phosphatase presents a route for rapid organophosphorus remineralization in the biosphere.
A widely distributed phosphate-insensitive phosphatase presents a route for rapid organophosphorus remineralization in the biosphere.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2118122119
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发表时间：
2022-02-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Daniell TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lidbury IDEA;Scanlan DJ;Murphy ARJ;Christie-Oleza JA;Aguilo-Ferretjans MM;Hitchcock A;Daniell TJ
在全球几个地点，支撑全球粮食安全、生物多样性和气候调节的陆地和海洋初级生产受到无机磷供应的限制。总磷库的很大一部分以有机形式存在，需要在并入细胞生物分子之前由称为磷酸酶的酶将其矿化为磷酸盐。磷酸酶通常是在磷酸盐耗尽时合成的，有助于磷的获取。在这里，我们揭示了一种独特的细菌磷酸酶，PAFA，在生物圈中广泛分布，并在碳获取中具有独特的功能，作为副产品释放磷酸盐。因此，PAFA在全球磷循环中代表着一个被忽视的机制，也是迄今为止自然界中生物可用磷再生的一条神秘途径。从固定化有机磷中再生生物有效磷是全球磷循环中的一个关键过程，并由被称为磷酸酶的酶促进。大多数细菌至少拥有三种具有广泛底物特异性的磷酸酶中的一种，即PhoA、Phox和Phod，它们的活性在碱性条件下是最佳的。这些磷酸酶的产生和活性受到磷酸盐供应的抑制。因此，只有当细菌经历限制磷的生长条件时，它们才能发挥全部功能。在这里，我们揭示了一种以前被忽视的磷酸盐不敏感的磷酸酶，PAFA，普遍存在于拟杆菌中，在自然界中含量非常丰富，是环境中磷酸盐再生的主要途径。使用来自强生黄杆菌的酶，我们发现PAFA对磷酸单酯具有很高的活性，在存在过量磷的情况下是完全功能的，并且对于作为唯一碳源的磷酸化碳水化合物的生长是必不可少的。PAFA的这些独特性质可能会扩大类杆菌的代谢生态位，使其能够利用丰富的有机磷底物作为C和P源，从而在微生物活动和营养需求较高的地区提供竞争优势。PAFA是由土壤和海洋黄杆菌组成的，它迅速地重新矿化磷酸单酯，释放可被邻近细胞获得的生物可用磷。PAFA基因在植物根际高度多样化，在全球海洋中含量丰富，在海洋中的表达与磷酸盐供应无关。因此，PAFA在全球生物地球化学循环中是一种重要的酶，在可持续农业中具有潜在的应用前景。
At several locations across the globe, terrestrial and marine primary production, which underpin global food security, biodiversity, and climate regulation, are limited by inorganic phosphate availability. A major fraction of the total phosphorus pool exists in organic form, requiring mineralization to phosphate by enzymes known as phosphatases prior to incorporation into cellular biomolecules. Phosphatases are typically synthesized in response to phosphate depletion, assisting with phosphorus acquisition. Here, we reveal that a unique bacterial phosphatase, PafA, is widely distributed in the biosphere and has a distinct functional role in carbon acquisition, releasing phosphate as a by-product. PafA, therefore, represents an overlooked mechanism in the global phosphorus cycle and a hitherto cryptic route for the regeneration of bioavailable phosphorus in nature. The regeneration of bioavailable phosphate from immobilized organophosphorus represents a key process in the global phosphorus cycle and is facilitated by enzymes known as phosphatases. Most bacteria possess at least one of three phosphatases with broad substrate specificity, known as PhoA, PhoX, and PhoD, whose activity is optimal under alkaline conditions. The production and activity of these phosphatases is repressed by phosphate availability. Therefore, they are only fully functional when bacteria experience phosphorus-limiting growth conditions. Here, we reveal a previously overlooked phosphate-insensitive phosphatase, PafA, prevalent in Bacteroidetes, which is highly abundant in nature and represents a major route for the regeneration of environmental phosphate. Using the enzyme from Flavobacterium johnsoniae, we show that PafA is highly active toward phosphomonoesters, is fully functional in the presence of excess phosphate, and is essential for growth on phosphorylated carbohydrates as a sole carbon source. These distinct properties of PafA may expand the metabolic niche of Bacteroidetes by enabling the utilization of abundant organophosphorus substrates as C and P sources, providing a competitive advantage when inhabiting zones of high microbial activity and nutrient demand. PafA, which is constitutively synthesized by soil and marine flavobacteria, rapidly remineralizes phosphomonoesters releasing bioavailable phosphate that can be acquired by neighboring cells. The pafA gene is highly diverse in plant rhizospheres and is abundant in the global ocean, where it is expressed independently of phosphate availability. PafA therefore represents an important enzyme in the context of global biogeochemical cycling and has potential applications in sustainable agriculture.
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影响因子：
28.3
作者：
Christie-Oleza JA;Sousoni D;Lloyd M;Armengaud J;Scanlan DJ
通讯作者：
Scanlan DJ
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Duhamel, Solange;Bjoerkman, Karin M.;Karl, David M.
通讯作者：
Karl, David M.
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Fraser, Tandra;Lynch, Derek H.;Dunfield, Kari E.
通讯作者：
Dunfield, Kari E.
与植物相关的拟杆菌门的生态位适应有利于有机磷矿化的专业化。
DOI：
10.1038/s41396-020-00829-2
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
The ISME journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lidbury IDEA;Borsetto C;Murphy ARJ;Bottrill A;Jones AME;Bending GD;Hammond JP;Chen Y;Wellington EMH;Scanlan DJ
通讯作者：
Scanlan DJ
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Lidbury ID;Murphy AR;Scanlan DJ;Bending GD;Jones AM;Moore JD;Goodall A;Hammond JP;Wellington EM
通讯作者：
Wellington EM