Expansion of specialized epidermis induced by hormonal state and mechanical strain.
Expansion of specialized epidermis induced by hormonal state and mechanical strain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mod.2015.01.002
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Foley, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Hsin-Jung;Easwaran, Teresa;Offutt, Carlos D.;Elgar, Richard Levi;Spandau, Dan F.;Koyama, Sachiko;Foley, John
在哺乳动物中，某些部位的特化皮肤，如手掌、脚掌和嘴唇，会随着动物的生长而成比例地生长。然而，其他类型的特殊皮肤，如乳头和肛门/生殖器区域，随着生殖状态的变化而发生显着变化。介导这些位点生长的特定细胞类型尚未确定。在小鼠中，我们观察到乳头的特化表皮急剧扩张，再加上结缔组织和毛干密度的变化，我们将其命名为乳晕形成。在此过程中，胸苷类似物的吸收在表皮和毛囊中升高。虽然结缔组织细胞增殖没有变化，但我们确实观察到细胞外基质基因的表达改变。此外，处女乳头乳晕和区域的成纤维细胞表现出雌激素，孕酮，松弛素和催产素相对于腹侧皮肤的转录和蛋白质水平增加。为了确定怀孕，哺乳激素环境和局部机械应力对乳晕形成的作用，我们创建了分离这些刺激的模型，并评估了总体结构，增殖和蛋白质表达的变化。虽然适度增加的表皮增生和结缔组织的重塑发生作为一个单独的刺激的结果，乳晕的形成需要暴露于妊娠激素，以及机械应变。
In mammals, some sites of specialized skin such as the palms, soles, and lips grow proportionally with the animal. However, other types of specialized skin such as the nipple and anal/genital region are dramatically altered with changes of reproductive status. The specific cell types that mediate the growth of these sites have not been identified. In the mouse, we observed a dramatic expansion of the specialized epidermis of the nipple, coupled to changes in connective tissue and hair shaft density, which we designate as areola formation. During this process thymidine analog uptake was elevated in the epidermis and hair follicles. Although there were no changes in connective tissue cell proliferation, we did observe an altered expression of extracellular matrix genes. In addition, the fibroblasts of the virgin nipple areola and region showed increased transcript and protein levels for estrogen, progesterone, relaxin, and oxytocin relative to those of ventral skin. To determine the role of pregnancy, lactation hormonal milieu, and localized mechanical strain on areola formation, we created models that separated these stimuli and evaluated changes in gross structure, proliferation and protein expression. While modest increases of epidermal proliferation and remodeling of connective tissue occurred as a result of individual stimuli, areola formation required exposure to pregnancy hormones, as well as mechanical strain.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20100500
发表时间：
2010-08-30
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Campbell L;Emmerson E;Davies F;Gilliver SC;Krust A;Chambon P;Ashcroft GS;Hardman MJ
通讯作者：
Hardman MJ
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Eastwood, Jennifer;Offutt, Carlos;Foley, John
通讯作者：
Foley, John
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Foley, J;Longely, BJ;Philbrick, WM
通讯作者：
Philbrick, WM
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Denda, Sumiko;Takei, Kentaro;Denda, Mitsuhiro
通讯作者：
Denda, Mitsuhiro
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Gilliver, Stephen C.;Ashworth, Jason J.;Ashcroft, Gillian S.
通讯作者：
Ashcroft, Gillian S.