Modelling longitudinal changes in older adults' memory for spoken discourse: findings from the ACTIVE cohort.
Modelling longitudinal changes in older adults' memory for spoken discourse: findings from the ACTIVE cohort.
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DOI：
10.1080/09658211.2013.861916
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rebok GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Payne BR;Gross AL;Parisi JM;Sisco SM;Stine-Morrow EA;Marsiske M;Rebok GW
情景记忆随着年龄的增长而显著下降，但对老年人口语话语记忆（SDM）纵向轨迹的研究有限。使用平行过程潜在增长曲线模型，我们检查了来自独立和重要老年人高级认知训练（ACTIVE）随机对照试验的无接触对照组（N = 698）的10年纵向数据，以检验(a) SDM随年龄增长而下降的程度，(b)这些与年龄相关的下降的预测因子。(c) 10年内SDM的纵向变化与流体推理和语言能力的纵向变化之间的人内关系，与年龄无关。怀特，年龄较小，接受正规教育年限较长的男性，总体认知功能和情景记忆表现较好，平均表现出较高的SDM水平。然而，只有基线年龄能唯一地预测SDM的纵向变化，随着年龄的增长，SDM的下降速度会加快。与年龄无关，在10年的研究期间，个人推理能力的下降与SDM的下降密切相关（r = 0.87）。与SDM的类似关联并不适用于语言能力。研究结果表明，流体认知能力的纵向下降与口语理解能力的下降有关。与对书面散文记忆的研究结果不同，保留的语言能力可能无法防止语言记忆的发展衰退。
Episodic memory shows substantial declines with advancing age, but research on longitudinal trajectories of spoken discourse memory (SDM) in older adulthood is limited. Using parallel process latent growth curve models, we examined 10 years of longitudinal data from the no-contact control group (N = 698) of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) randomized controlled trial in order to test (a) the degree to which SDM declines with advancing age, (b) predictors of these age-related declines, and (c) the within-person relationship between longitudinal changes in SDM and longitudinal changes in fluid reasoning and verbal ability over 10 years, independent of age. Individuals who were younger, White, had more years of formal education, were male, and had better global cognitive function and episodic memory performance at baseline demonstrated greater levels of SDM on average. However, only age at baseline uniquely predicted longitudinal changes in SDM, such that declines accelerated with greater age. Independent of age, within-person decline in reasoning ability over the 10-year study period was substantially correlated with decline in SDM (r = .87). An analogous association with SDM did not hold for verbal ability. The findings suggest that longitudinal declines in fluid cognition are associated with reduced spoken language comprehension. Unlike findings from memory for written prose, preserved verbal ability may not protect against developmental declines in memory for speech.
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