The effects of juvenile stress on anxiety, cognitive bias and decision making in adulthood: a rat model.
The effects of juvenile stress on anxiety, cognitive bias and decision making in adulthood: a rat model.
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青少年压力对成年期焦虑、认知偏差和决策的影响：大鼠模型。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0048143
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hall J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brydges NM;Hall L;Nicolson R;Holmes MC;Hall J
童年经历的压力与成年后患精神疾病的风险增加有关。这些疾病的特征尤其在于对情绪和认知过程的干扰，目前在动物中还没有完全建模。认知偏差的测定最近被用于动物，以指示它们的情绪/认知状态。我们使用认知偏差测试，以及传统的焦虑测量（高架迷宫），使用啮齿动物模型研究青少年压力（JS）对成年行为的影响。在认知偏差测试期间，训练动物基于在它们到达碗之前遇到的刺激（粗糙/光滑砂纸）来区分两个奖励碗。一种刺激（例如粗糙）与比另一种（例如平滑）更低的价值奖励相关联。一旦老鼠接受训练，他们的认知偏见通过一个模糊的刺激（中级砂纸）的呈现来探索：如果一只老鼠选择了通常与高价值奖励相关的碗，那么它被归类为乐观的。JS动物比对照组轻，在高架十字迷宫中表现出焦虑样行为增加，在认知偏差测试中更乐观。这种增加的乐观情绪可能代表了这些体重不足的动物的最佳觅食策略。JS动物也比对照组更快地作出决定时，提出了一个模糊的刺激，这表明改变决策。这些结果表明，青少年阶段的压力可以增加焦虑样行为，并改变大鼠模型成年后的认知偏差和决策。
Stress experienced in childhood is associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders in adulthood. These disorders are particularly characterized by disturbances to emotional and cognitive processes, which are not currently fully modeled in animals. Assays of cognitive bias have recently been used with animals to give an indication of their emotional/cognitive state. We used a cognitive bias test, alongside a traditional measure of anxiety (elevated plus maze), to investigate the effects of juvenile stress (JS) on adulthood behaviour using a rodent model. During the cognitive bias test, animals were trained to discriminate between two reward bowls based on a stimulus (rough/smooth sandpaper) encountered before they reached the bowls. One stimulus (e.g. rough) was associated with a lower value reward than the other (e.g. smooth). Once rats were trained, their cognitive bias was explored through the presentation of an ambiguous stimulus (intermediate grade sandpaper): a rat was classed as optimistic if it chose the bowl ordinarily associated with the high value reward. JS animals were lighter than controls, exhibited increased anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus maze and were more optimistic in the cognitive bias test. This increased optimism may represent an optimal foraging strategy for these underweight animals. JS animals were also faster than controls to make a decision when presented with an ambiguous stimulus, suggesting altered decision making. These results demonstrate that stress in the juvenile phase can increase anxiety-like behaviour and alter cognitive bias and decision making in adulthood in a rat model.
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影响因子：
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