Secretome of Intestinal Bacilli: A Natural Guard against Pathologies.

Secretome of Intestinal Bacilli: A Natural Guard against Pathologies.
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DOI:
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01666
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Gataullin IG
Gataullin IG
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ilinskaya ON;Ulyanova VV;Yarullina DR;Gataullin IG

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目前对人类肠道微生物组的研究通常没有考虑瞬时微生物群的特殊功能作用,尽管它的一些成员在宿主体内停留很长时间并产生广谱的生物活性物质。随着食物、水和益生菌制剂进入胃肠道(GIT),芽孢杆菌类的两种代表,芽孢杆菌属和乳杆菌属,在上皮上定殖,模糊了常驻微生物群和瞬时微生物群之间的界限。尽管它们在微生物组组成中所占的比例很小,但由于分泌的化合物种类繁多,这些细菌可以显著影响肠道微生物群和整个身体。最近,基于纯基因组的肠道微生物群分析的不足和局限性变得众所周知。因此,需要密集的功能研究是显而易见的。本文综述了GIT中的芽孢杆菌和乳酸杆菌,以及这些肠道微生物群落成员释放的组分的功能作用。它们分泌的复合物被我们称为“杆菌分泌体”。细菌分泌组的组成,其在胃肠道的生物学效应和作用,在人体内的感染性疾病和肿瘤病理学的对抗是审查的主题。
Current studies of human gut microbiome usually do not consider the special functional role of transient microbiota, although some of its members remain in the host for a long time and produce broad spectrum of biologically active substances. Getting into the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) with food, water and probiotic preparations, two representatives of Bacilli class, genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus, colonize epithelium blurring the boundaries between resident and transient microbiota. Despite their minor proportion in the microbiome composition, these bacteria can significantly affect both the intestinal microbiota and the entire body thanks to a wide range of secreted compounds. Recently, insufficiency and limitations of pure genome-based analysis of gut microbiota became known. Thus, the need for intense functional studies is evident. This review aims to characterize the Bacillus and Lactobacillus in GIT, as well as the functional roles of the components released by these members of microbial intestinal community. Complex of their secreted compounds is referred by us as the “bacillary secretome.” The composition of the bacillary secretome, its biological effects in GIT and role in counteraction to infectious diseases and oncological pathologies in human organism is the subject of the review.
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