Icescape-scale metabolomics reveals cyanobacterial and topographic control of the core metabolism of the cryoconite ecosystem of an Arctic ice cap.

Icescape-scale metabolomics reveals cyanobacterial and topographic control of the core metabolism of the cryoconite ecosystem of an Arctic ice cap.
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冰景规模代谢组学揭示了蓝藻和地形对北极冰盖冰晶生态系统核心代谢的控制。

DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.16485
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Gokul JK
Gokul JK
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gokul JK

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冰川生态系统由生物多样性和活跃的微生物群组成。在冰川生态系统中,由于大多数研究集中在山谷冰川或冰盖边缘,因此对冰盖生态学的了解较少。之前,我们详细介绍了这样一个高北极冰盖的微生物群,重点是作为蓝藻形成的微生物-矿物聚集体的冰尘。在这里,我们采用代谢组学在整个冰帽的规模,以揭示主要的代谢途径,普遍存在于Foxfonna,斯瓦尔巴群岛中部的cryoconite。我们揭示了地球物理和生物过程如何影响其居民cryoconite微生物群的代谢组。我们观察到氨基酸,脂肪酸和核苷酸合成的差异,整个帽反映冰地形和内cryoconite蓝细菌的影响。冰地形影响中央碳水化合物代谢和氮同化,而细菌群落结构控制脂质,核苷酸和类胡萝卜素的生物合成过程。多胺代谢和氮同化作用的显著性突出了氮营养物质循环的重要性。据我们所知,这项研究代表了代谢组学在整个冰体中的首次应用,证明了它作为一种工具的实用性,揭示了由于北极气候变化驱动的质量损失而经历深刻变化的冰上生态系统中维持生命所必需的基本代谢过程。
Glaciers host ecosystems comprised of biodiverse and active microbiota. Among glacial ecosystems, less is known about the ecology of ice caps since most studies focus on valley glaciers or ice sheet margins. Previously we detailed the microbiota of one such high Arctic ice cap, focusing on cryoconite as a microbe‐mineral aggregate formed by cyanobacteria. Here, we employ metabolomics at the scale of an entire ice cap to reveal the major metabolic pathways prevailing in the cryoconite of Foxfonna, central Svalbard. We reveal how geophysical and biotic processes influence the metabolomes of its resident cryoconite microbiota. We observed differences in amino acid, fatty acid, and nucleotide synthesis across the cap reflecting the influence of ice topography and the cyanobacteria within cryoconite. Ice topography influences central carbohydrate metabolism and nitrogen assimilation, whereas bacterial community structure governs lipid, nucleotide, and carotenoid biosynthesis processes. The prominence of polyamine metabolism and nitrogen assimilation highlights the importance of recycling nitrogenous nutrients. To our knowledge, this study represents the first application of metabolomics across an entire ice mass, demonstrating its utility as a tool for revealing the fundamental metabolic processes essential for sustaining life in supraglacial ecosystems experiencing profound change due to Arctic climate change‐driven mass loss.
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