Supramolecular cellular filament systems: How and why do they form?

Supramolecular cellular filament systems: How and why do they form?
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超分子细胞丝系统:它们如何以及为何形成?

DOI:
10.1002/cm.21006
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
R. Robinson
R. Robinson
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
D. Popp;R. Robinson

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所有的细胞,从简单的细菌到复杂的人体组织,都依赖广泛的蛋白质纤维网络来帮助维持其适当的形式和功能。这些细丝系统通常不是作为单丝运行,而是形成复杂的超结构,这对于特定的细胞功能是必不可少的。在这里,我们描述了确定分子丝状超结构的结构的进展,导致它们形成的原理,以及它们可能促进功能的机制。复杂的真核细胞骨架受到大量肌动蛋白或微管相关蛋白的严格调控。相比之下,最近发现的细菌肌动蛋白和微管蛋白几乎没有相关的调节蛋白。因此,寻找支配丝状超结构形成的基本原理在细菌中被简化了。导致超结构形成的三个共同原理在进化过程中得到了广泛的探讨:阳离子反离子涨落;自缔合成液晶;以及分子拥挤。这些过程的基本物理学将从生理环境方面进行讨论。©2012 Wiley Peritics,Inc.
All cells, from simple bacteria to complex human tissues, rely on extensive networks of protein fibers to help maintain their proper form and function. These filament systems usually do not operate as single filaments, but form complex suprastructures, which are essential for specific cellular functions. Here, we describe the progress in determining the architectures of molecular filamentous suprastructures, the principles leading to their formation, and the mechanisms by which they may facilitate function. The complex eukaryotic cytoskeleton is tightly regulated by a large number of actin‐ or microtubule‐associated proteins. In contrast, recently discovered bacterial actins and tubulins have few associated regulatory proteins. Hence, the quest to find basic principles that govern the formation of filamentous suprastructures is simplified in bacteria. Three common principles, which have been probed extensively during evolution, can be identified that lead to suprastructures formation: cationic counterion fluctuations; self‐association into liquid crystals; and molecular crowding. The underlying physics of these processes will be discussed with respect to physiological circumstance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
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