Vaccination-infection interval determines cross-neutralization potency to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron after breakthrough infection by other variants.
Vaccination-infection interval determines cross-neutralization potency to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron after breakthrough infection by other variants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.medj.2022.02.006
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发表时间：
2022-04-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Suzuki T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyamoto S;Arashiro T;Adachi Y;Moriyama S;Kinoshita H;Kanno T;Saito S;Katano H;Iida S;Ainai A;Kotaki R;Yamada S;Kuroda Y;Yamamoto T;Ishijima K;Park ES;Inoue Y;Kaku Y;Tobiume M;Iwata-Yoshikawa N;Shiwa-Sudo N;Tokunaga K;Ozono S;Hemmi T;Ueno A;Kishida N;Watanabe S;Nojima K;Seki Y;Mizukami T;Hasegawa H;Ebihara H;Maeda K;Fukushi S;Takahashi Y;Suzuki T
由于暴露于疫苗和各种谱系/变体感染的复杂组合，针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的免疫特征显著多样化，可能在特定人群中产生保护性免疫的异质性。为了进一步复杂化，出现了具有许多尖峰突变的Omicron变体。这些情况下，需要评估免疫逃避的潜力Omicron在个人与各种免疫历史。使用来自具有不同免疫史的个体的一组血浆/血清，对变体（包括Omicron及其祖先）的中和易感性进行了初步评估。从mRNA疫苗接种者或从在疫苗接种后多个时间间隔遭受α/δ突破性感染的那些人收集血液样品。Omicron在完全接种疫苗且无突破性感染史的个体中对中和具有高度耐药性。相反，在经历突破性感染的疫苗接种者中诱导了针对Omicron的强交叉中和。接种疫苗和感染之间的时间间隔，而不是感染的变异类型，与O-中和抗体的强度和效力显著相关。具有突破性感染的免疫史可以克服Omicron对感染的抵抗力，其中疫苗接种-感染间隔是中和程度和广度的关键决定因素。每个个体的不同暴露史保证了一种量身定制的谨慎方法来了解对Omicron和未来变体的群体免疫力。这项研究得到了日本医学研究与开发机构（AMED）的资助。由于暴露于各种疫苗和感染各种变体的复杂组合，针对SARS-CoV-2的免疫特征显著多样化。这些情况产生了评估Omicron在具有各种免疫史的个体中的"免疫逃逸"潜力的需要。在这项研究中，作者发现经历突破性感染的个体（即，与接种疫苗但从未感染的个体相比，接种了Alpha或Delta疫苗然后感染的个体显示出更高水平的抗Omicron抗体。此外，疫苗接种和突破性感染之间的时间间隔与针对几种变体的抗体水平密切相关。这些结果表明，需要一种量身定制的方法来了解个人和群体水平对Omicron和未来变种的免疫力。miyamoto等人报告称，由于α或δ感染导致的COVID-19 mRNA疫苗突破病例的血清显示出对Omicron变体的交叉中和作用得到改善，疫苗接种和突破感染之间的时间间隔是对几种变体的中和活性的大小和广度的关键决定因素。
The immune profile against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has dramatically diversified due to a complex combination of exposure to vaccines and infection by various lineages/variants, likely generating a heterogeneity in protective immunity in a given population. To further complicate this, the Omicron variant, with numerous spike mutations, has emerged. These circumstances have created the need to assess the potential of immune evasion by Omicron in individuals with various immune histories. The neutralization susceptibility of the variants, including Omicron and their ancestors, was comparably assessed using a panel of plasma/serum derived from individuals with divergent immune histories. Blood samples were collected from either mRNA vaccinees or from those who suffered from breakthrough infections of Alpha/Delta with multiple time intervals following vaccination. Omicron was highly resistant to neutralization in fully vaccinated individuals without a history of breakthrough infections. In contrast, robust cross-neutralization against Omicron was induced in vaccinees that experienced breakthrough infections. The time interval between vaccination and infection, rather than the variant types of infection, was significantly correlated with the magnitude and potency of Omicron-neutralizing antibodies. Immune histories with breakthrough infections can overcome the resistance to infection by Omicron, with the vaccination-infection interval being the key determinant of the magnitude and breadth of neutralization. The diverse exposure history in each individual warrants a tailored and cautious approach to understanding population immunity against Omicron and future variants. This study was supported by grants from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). The immune profile against SARS-CoV-2 has dramatically diversified due to a complex combination of exposure to various vaccines and infection by various variants. These circumstances created the need to assess the potential of “immune escape” by Omicron in individuals with various immune histories. In this study, the authors found that individuals who experienced breakthrough infection (i.e., were vaccinated and then infected) with Alpha or Delta showed much higher level of antibodies against Omicron compared with individuals who were vaccinated but never infected. Also, the time interval between vaccination and breakthrough infection strongly correlated with the level of antibodies against several variants. These results show the need for a tailored approach in understanding immunity against Omicron and future variants at individual and populational levels. Miyamoto et al. report that sera from COVID-19 mRNA vaccine breakthrough cases due to Alpha or Delta infection demonstrated improved cross-neutralization against the Omicron variant, and the time interval between vaccination and breakthrough infection was a key determinant of the magnitude and breadth of neutralizing activity against several variants.
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影响因子：
32.4
作者：
Moriyama S;Adachi Y;Sato T;Tonouchi K;Sun L;Fukushi S;Yamada S;Kinoshita H;Nojima K;Kanno T;Tobiume M;Ishijima K;Kuroda Y;Park ES;Onodera T;Matsumura T;Takano T;Terahara K;Isogawa M;Nishiyama A;Kawana-Tachikawa A;Shinkai M;Tachikawa N;Nakamura S;Okai T;Okuma K;Matano T;Fujimoto T;Maeda K;Ohnishi M;Wakita T;Suzuki T;Takahashi Y
通讯作者：
Takahashi Y
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Payne RP;Longet S;Austin JA;Skelly DT;Dejnirattisai W;Adele S;Meardon N;Faustini S;Al-Taei S;Moore SC;Tipton T;Hering LM;Angyal A;Brown R;Nicols AR;Gillson N;Dobson SL;Amini A;Supasa P;Cross A;Bridges-Webb A;Reyes LS;Linder A;Sandhar G;Kilby JA;Tyerman JK;Altmann T;Hornsby H;Whitham R;Phillips E;Malone T;Hargreaves A;Shields A;Saei A;Foulkes S;Stafford L;Johnson S;Wootton DG;Conlon CP;Jeffery K;Matthews PC;Frater J;Deeks AS;Pollard AJ;Brown A;Rowland-Jones SL;Mongkolsapaya J;Barnes E;Hopkins S;Hall V;Dold C;Duncan CJA;Richter A;Carroll M;Screaton G;de Silva TI;Turtle L;Klenerman P;Dunachie S;PITCH Consortium
通讯作者：
PITCH Consortium
影响因子：
82.9
作者：
Gruell H;Vanshylla K;Tober-Lau P;Hillus D;Schommers P;Lehmann C;Kurth F;Sander LE;Klein F
通讯作者：
Klein F
DOI：
10.1126/science.abm3425
发表时间：
2022-01-07
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
DOI：
10.1126/science.abn4947
发表时间：
2022-05-06
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pulliam JRC;van Schalkwyk C;Govender N;von Gottberg A;Cohen C;Groome MJ;Dushoff J;Mlisana K;Moultrie H
通讯作者：
Moultrie H