A Combined Logical and Physical Attack on Logic Obfuscation

A Combined Logical and Physical Attack on Logic Obfuscation
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针对逻辑混淆的逻辑和物理联合攻击

DOI:
10.1145/3508352.3549349
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
ICCAD IEEEACM International Conference on ComputerAided Design
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Srivastava, Ankur
Srivastava, Ankur
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zuzak, Michael;Liu, Yuntao;McDaniel, Isaac;Srivastava, Ankur

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逻辑混淆保护集成电路在制造过程中免受不可信的代工厂攻击者的攻击。为了对抗混淆,已经提出了许多逻辑(例如布尔可满足性)和物理(例如光电探测)攻击。根据定义,这些攻击只使用电路泄露信息的一个子集来解锁它。对策通常利用由此产生的盲点来阻止这些攻击,从而限制了它们的可扩展性和通用性。为了克服这个问题,我们提出了一种针对混淆的逻辑和物理相结合的攻击,称为CLAP攻击。CLAP攻击利用锁定电路的逻辑和物理特性,以统一且理论上严格的方式修剪键空间,从而产生更通用且更有效的攻击。为了制定CLAP攻击的物理部分,我们推导了一个逻辑公式,该公式可证明识别能够敏化电路中逻辑表达区域的输入序列。我们证明了电光探测这些区域可以推断出部分密钥。对于攻击的逻辑部分,我们将物理攻击结果集成到布尔可满足性攻击中,以找到正确的密钥。我们通过在基准电路中启动四种混淆方案来评估CLAP攻击。攻击的物理部分完全指定了60.6%的密钥位,部分指定了另外10.3%。攻击的逻辑部分在不到30分钟的时间内在物理攻击限制的keyspace中找到了正确的密钥。因此,尽管混淆,CLAP攻击解锁了每个电路。
Logic obfuscation protects integrated circuits from an untrusted foundry attacker during manufacturing. To counter obfuscation, a number of logical (e.g. Boolean satisfiability) and physical (e.g. electro-optical probing) attacks have been proposed. By definition, these attacks use only a subset of the information leaked by a circuit to unlock it. Countermeasures often exploit the resulting blind-spots to thwart these attacks, limiting their scalability and generalizability. To overcome this, we propose a combined logical and physical attack against obfuscation called the CLAP attack. The CLAP attack leverages both the logicalandphysical properties of a locked circuit to prune the keyspace in a unified and theoretically-rigorous fashion, resulting in a more versatile and potent attack. To formulate the physical portion of the CLAP attack, we derive a logical formulation that provably identifies input sequences capable of sensitizinglogically expressiveregions in a circuit. We prove that electro-optically probing these regions infers portions of the key. For the logical portion of the attack, we integrate the physical attack results into a Boolean satisfiability attack to find the correct key. We evaluate the CLAP attack by launching it against four obfuscation schemes in benchmark circuits. The physical portion of the attack fully specified 60.6% of key bits and partially specified another 10.3%. The logical portion of the attack found the correct key in the physical-attack-limited keyspace in under 30 minutes. Thus, the CLAP attack unlocked each circuit despite obfuscation.
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